Ethan Clarke
The use of plastic boxes in construction is a highly debated topic, with some arguing for their convenience and others highlighting the advantages of metal boxes. While plastic boxes may be allowed by code in certain situations, there are also specifications that require the use of metal boxes, especially in commercial jobs. The specific requirements can vary based on location and the type of project, as seen in the case of NYC, where plastic electrical boxes are reportedly illegal. It is essential to refer to the relevant building codes and consult with professionals to ensure compliance with the applicable regulations.
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What You'll Learn
- Plastic boxes are allowed in some places, like garages, but not in others, like NYC
- Plastic boxes are permitted with ENT, but only if the sheath continues into the box by at least 1/4
- Plastic boxes are allowed for outlets in the ceiling
- Plastic boxes are allowed for NM cable, but only if the cable is secured to the box
- Plastic boxes are allowed if they have internal cable clamping systems
Plastic boxes are allowed in some places, like garages, but not in others, like NYC
The use of plastic boxes is a divisive topic among electrical professionals, with some advocating for their practicality and others questioning their durability. While plastic boxes are allowed in certain contexts, such as garages, there are also places where they are not permitted, like New York City (NYC).
In the case of garages, plastic boxes can be used for outlets, especially when mounted on walls. Plastic boxes are considered suitable for powering garage door openers, and they can be secured with roofing nails, just like their metal counterparts. This flexibility in installation makes them a convenient option for some homeowners.
However, in NYC, there is a different stance on the use of plastic boxes. Reports from Lowe's employees and online forums suggest that plastic electrical boxes are illegal in the city. This restriction appears to be specific to NYC, as other locations, including New Mexico, do not have the same explicit ban.
The preference for metal boxes in NYC may be due to their superior durability and mounting options. Metal boxes are often considered more reliable, especially by electrical professionals, who highlight the importance of durability and the security offered by screw holes for mounting devices.
It is worth noting that the use of plastic boxes is not entirely prohibited. In certain situations, such as residential installations, non-metallic boxes, also known as PVC (Plastic) outlet or device boxes, are permitted. However, these boxes are typically reserved for use with non-metallic sheathed cables, and specific internal cable clamping systems are required.
The distinction between allowed and prohibited use of plastic boxes can be nuanced, and it is always advisable to consult with qualified electricians or refer to local building codes for definitive answers.
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Plastic boxes are permitted with ENT, but only if the sheath continues into the box by at least 1/4
Plastic boxes are permitted for use with Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing (ENT), also known as 'blue smurf tube', but there are specific requirements that must be met. The cable must be secured to the box, and the sheath of the cable must continue into the box by at least 1/4".
This is outlined in the National Electrical Code (NEC), which states that non-metallic boxes are permitted only with specific wiring types, including entirely non-metallic sheaths, flexible cords, and non-metallic raceways. ENT is considered a non-metallic raceway, and therefore falls under this exception.
However, it is important to note that the NEC also specifies that when using a non-metallic box with metal-armored cables, such as Type MC Cable, additional steps must be taken to ensure proper grounding. This includes providing internal bonding means, such as a bonding bushing with bonding jumpers, to ensure all equipment grounding conductors remain connected and bonded to the armour.
Therefore, while plastic boxes are permitted with ENT, it is crucial to follow the specific guidelines outlined in the NEC to ensure safe and proper installation.
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Plastic boxes are allowed for outlets in the ceiling
When using plastic boxes, the ground wire should be connected to the receptacle only. Metal boxes, on the other hand, require the ground wire to be attached to both the receptacle and the box with a grounding screw. Additionally, metal boxes are typically used for mounting heavy items like ceiling fans or heavy light fixtures due to their strength and durability.
In terms of installation, plastic boxes are often preferred by DIY electricians and home remodelers as they are lightweight, have softer edges, and their holes are easier to knock out. They are also readily available at home improvement centers. Plastic boxes with pre-attached nails are the most affordable option for nailing into studs, and they come with presets to indicate the thickness of the drywall. However, plastic boxes can become misshapen when stressed and may crack if they receive a sharp blow.
When installing outlets in the ceiling, it is important to follow standard receptacle heights. The standard wall receptacle height is typically 1 foot from the top of the flooring to the bottom of the receptacle box, or 16 inches to the top of the box. It is also worth noting that electrical boxes should be installed facing downward if they are in an attic or other hard-to-reach places, so they can be easily accessed from below.
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Plastic boxes are allowed for NM cable, but only if the cable is secured to the box
Plastic boxes are allowed for NM cable, but the cable must be secured to the box. In 2006 IRC, E3805.3.2 and 2005 NEC, 314.17 c state that "All permitted wiring methods shall be secured to the (nonmetallic) boxes", with the exception of non-metallic boxes that are not larger than 2 1/4" x 4" nominal.
This means that the use of plastic boxes is permitted, but the cable must be securely fastened to the box. Some plastic boxes have screw clips inside to secure the wires, while others have flaps that can be knocked out to create an opening for the cable to pass through. It is important to note that the cable must be stapled within 12" of the box for those without clamps, and within 8" for boxes with clamps.
In certain situations, such as commercial jobs, metal boxes may be specified by the engineer. In these cases, it is important to follow the specifications provided. However, in general, plastic boxes can be used with NM cable as long as the cable is securely attached.
It is worth noting that in some locations, such as NYC, plastic electrical boxes may be illegal, so it is always important to check the local regulations and codes before proceeding with any electrical work.
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Plastic boxes are allowed if they have internal cable clamping systems
Plastic boxes are allowed for use with NM cable, but they must have an internal cable clamping system. This is because the cable must be secured to the box. For example, the Carlon handy box with 1/2 knockouts can be used with cable clamps or conduit fittings.
Non-metallic boxes are permitted for use with non-metallic sheaths, such as Type NM-B and UF-B, and non-metallic raceways, such as Rigid PVC or ENT. However, there are exceptions to this general rule. For instance, if an installer chooses to use Type MC Cable with a non-metallic box, they must provide an internal bonding means, such as a bonding bushing with bonding jumpers, to ensure that all equipment grounding conductors remain connected.
Another exception is where internal bonding means are provided between all entries; non-metallic boxes can be used with metal raceways or metal-armored cables.
In terms of installation, some installers knock out a rectangular flap to create an open rectangle for the passage of NM cable into a plastic box. However, it is recommended that the flap remains attached on one side to act as a clamp and a seal.
Overall, while plastic boxes can be used with NM cable, it is important to ensure that they have the necessary internal cable clamping systems and that the cable is properly secured to comply with electrical codes and standards.
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Frequently asked questions
Plastic boxes are allowed in NM code, but only in specific circumstances. Non-metallic boxes are permitted only with open wiring on insulators, concealed knob-and-tube wiring, cabled wiring methods with entirely non-metallic sheaths, flexible cords, and non-metallic raceways.
If the engineer has specified metal boxes, there is likely a reason for it. Metal boxes are more durable and the screw holes for mounting devices will stand up better over time.
The cable must be fastened (stapled) within 12" of the box, and within 8" for boxes that don't have clamps.
Yes, it seems that in NYC, plastic electrical boxes are no longer sold and are therefore illegal.
