Ethan Clarke
Threading a plastic pipe refers to adding threads to the end of a pipe so it can be screwed into place. This is usually done to repair damaged pipes or to install new plumbing. While most plastic pipes with threaded fittings provide reliable, leak-free service, a small percentage may leak or break. There are various ways to add threads to a plastic pipe, including using a manual ratcheting pipe threader, a pipe thread die and diestock, or an appropriate lathe. For PVC pipes, it is recommended to use Schedule 80 PVC pipe, which can be threaded, and to avoid using Schedule 40 PVC pipe, which is intended for socket fittings only. Additionally, it is important to use a suitable sealant that is compatible with plastic and provides lubrication for smooth tightening.
Characteristics and Values
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Process | Attach and rotate a die head to cut threads into the pipe |
| Tools | Manual ratcheting pipe threader, handheld power threaders, threading machines, pipe thread die and diestock, lathe, wrench |
| Cost | Affordable ratcheting pipe threaders cost $40-60 USD, while inexpensive ratcheting pipe threaders with multiple die heads cost $1-2 USD |
| Materials | Plastic, PVC, copper |
| Sealant | Fluoramics Formula-8 and Lox-8 Thread Sealant are safe to use with plastic pipes and fittings |
| Reliability | Plastic piping with threaded fittings usually provides reliable, leak-free service, but a small percentage may leak or break |
| Strength | Schedule 80 systems have higher pressure ratings than Schedule 40 systems, but the latter is more suitable for socket fittings |
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What You'll Learn
Secure the pipe in a vice
To add threads to a plastic pipe, you'll need to secure the pipe firmly in a vice so it doesn't move. Here's a step-by-step guide to securing the pipe in a vice:
- Loosen the jaws of the vice by turning the handle counterclockwise. Turn it just far enough to fit the pipe between them.
- Place the pipe in the vice with the end you want to thread sticking out. Ensure the pipe is positioned securely and won't move around.
- Tighten the vice by turning the handle clockwise. Make sure the pipe is firmly secured and cannot move or shift during the threading process.
- Check that the pipe is secure and adjust the vice as needed to ensure a tight and stable hold.
- With the pipe secured, you can now begin the threading process. Choose a die head that matches the pipe's diameter, and attach it to a ratcheting pipe threader handle.
Securing the pipe firmly in the vice is a crucial step in the process of adding threads to a plastic pipe. It ensures the pipe remains stable and immobile during the threading process, allowing for accurate and safe cutting of the threads.
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Choose a die head
If you are working with plastic-coated pipes, the RIDGID 51862 High-Speed 12R Die Head is a good option. It is designed for quick and easy cutting of plastic-coated pipes and can produce clean, precise right-hand cuts. It is also built to last, with a sturdy alloy construction. This die head is ideal for use with the RIDGID line of power drive threading machines and the 4A508 Manual Pipe Threader.
If you are in the UK, be aware that the BSP thread often uses a bigger diameter die than the nominal size. For instance, a 1" pipe has an outside diameter of around 1.3".
Before using the die head, check it carefully for iron chips, as these can damage the life of the die over time. Additionally, ensure that the die is held tight in the diestock.
After using the die head, remember to clean it with a cloth or soft rag to remove any oil. This step is important because the threads are sharp and can cut your skin.
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Attach the die head to the pipe threader
To attach the die head to the pipe threader, start by securing the pipe firmly in a vise so that it doesn't move. You can do this by loosening the jaws of the vise by turning the handle counter-clockwise, just far enough to fit the pipe between them. Then, place the pipe in the vise so that the end you want to thread is sticking out, and tighten the handle clockwise to secure it in place.
Next, choose a die head that fits the pipe's diameter. The die head is the part of the pipe threader that cuts the threads. Read the numbers on the different die heads to determine their size. Select a die head that corresponds to the size of your pipe. Die heads typically come in a range of common diameters, with the face of the die head indicating the size of the pipe it is designed for. For instance, a die head marked with "1/2" is intended for threading 1/2-inch piping.
Now, attach the die head to the ratcheting pipe threader handle. First, remove any existing die head from the handle by pulling it out. Then, slide your chosen die head into the ring at the end of the handle until it snaps securely into place. Ensure that the die head is firmly attached before proceeding.
Before fitting the die head onto the pipe, it is important to lubricate the pipe's end with threading oil. This will make it easier to attach the die head and facilitate the cutting process. Apply a generous amount of threading oil to the outside end of the pipe.
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Apply lubricating oil
When adding threads to a plastic pipe, it is important to apply lubricating oil to the end of the pipe before fitting the die head. This will ensure a smooth process and help prevent any damage to the pipe.
There are several types of lubricants that can be used on plastic pipes. It is important to choose a lubricant that is specifically designed for plastic pipes, as some lubricants can damage the plastic or affect the tightness of the fitting.
One option is to use a pipe dope that is rated for plastic pipes. Pipe dope is a type of thread sealant that helps to lubricate the joint and create a tight seal. However, it is important to read the manufacturer's instructions to ensure that it is compatible with plastic pipes.
Another option is to use a lubricant that is specifically designed for plastic gears and threads, such as silicone lubricating grease with Syncolon® (PTFE). This type of grease has a wide operating range and can withstand temperatures from -40°F to 500°F. It also provides excellent water protection and moisture barrier properties.
Other lubricants that can be used on plastic pipes include Krytox, Crisco, Fluid Film, beeswax, and teflon tape. It is important to avoid using silicone spray or other aerosol products, as the volatile carriers can be harmful to plastic.
When applying the lubricating oil to the plastic pipe, it is important to use just enough to coat the end of the pipe and facilitate the threading process. Too much lubricant can make the pipe slippery and difficult to work with. It is also important to ensure that the lubricant is compatible with the material of the die head to avoid any damage or issues during the threading process.
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Ratchet the handle
To ratchet the handle, you must first ensure that the pipe is firmly secured in a vise. The jaws of the vise should be loosened by turning the handle counterclockwise, allowing the pipe to fit between them. Once the pipe is in place, the handle is then turned back clockwise to tighten and secure the pipe.
The next step is to choose and attach the appropriate die head to the ratcheting pipe threader handle. The die head should correspond to the pipe's diameter, with the numbers on the die head indicating the size of the pipe it is meant for. For instance, a die head marked 1/2 is meant for threading 1/2-inch piping. The die head should be securely attached to the ratcheting pipe threader handle.
Now, you can begin ratcheting the handle. With one hand, push against the die head towards the pipe. With your other hand, ratchet the pipe threader's handle clockwise while maintaining pressure on the die head. This action will cause the die head's teeth to start cutting into the pipe. It is important to apply downward pressure to the die head while ratcheting.
Continue ratcheting the handle until all of the die head's teeth have cut into the pipe. If you feel resistance, it indicates that the teeth are biting into the pipe and cutting the threads. If you do not feel any resistance, you may need to push harder on the die head.
Finally, reverse the direction of the ratchet handle and continue turning it until it comes off the pipe.
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Frequently asked questions
It is recommended to use a slip-to-thread adapter, which can be glued onto the pipe to add threads. This is because threading a PVC pipe can be unnecessarily difficult and weaken the pipe.
You can buy a slip-to-thread adapter from a hardware store. Simply glue it onto the unthreaded plastic pipe, then screw it into the threaded part.
You should use a pipe sealant that is compatible with plastic. Fluoramics Formula-8 and Lox-8 Thread Sealant are safe to use with plastic pipes and fittings, including nylon.
