Maya Ellison
Phthalates are chemical compounds used to make plastics more durable and flexible. They are also used in cosmetics, fragrances, vinyl, and canned food. While the health effects of exposure to phthalates are still being studied, some studies have shown that they can interfere with the body's natural hormones. To reduce exposure to phthalates, it is recommended to eat a balanced diet, avoid canned or packaged foods, and limit the use of personal care products that may contain phthalates. While product labels may not always state the presence of phthalates, consumers can look for certain acronyms or ingredients such as fragrance or parfum to identify products that may contain them.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Plastic is more flexible, transparent, durable, and long-lasting | Likely to contain phthalates |
| Plastic is PVC | Likely to contain phthalates |
| Product contains fragrance or parfum | Likely to contain phthalates |
| Product is canned or packaged food | Likely to contain phthalates |
| Product is a personal care item such as moisturizer, perfume, or cosmetics | Likely to contain phthalates |
| Product contains DEHP, DBP, DMP, or DEP | Contains phthalates |
| Product is medical equipment such as disposable gloves, tubes, catheters, or blood bags | Likely to contain phthalates |
| Product contains DINP, DIDP, or DPHP | Does not contain phthalates |
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What You'll Learn
Look for fragrance or parfum on packaging
It is difficult to identify phthalates in products because manufacturers are not required to list them on their labels. The ingredients are often considered trade secrets. However, if you see the words "fragrance" or "parfum" on the packaging, it is likely that the product contains phthalates. This is because phthalates are commonly used to retain scents in fragrances. They act as solvents and stabilizers in perfumes and other fragrance preparations.
Phthalates are a family of harmful chemicals that have been used in a wide range of consumer products since the 1930s. They are used to soften and strengthen plastics and are found in products such as shower curtains, food containers, and cosmetics. Due to their potential health risks, it is important to try to avoid products containing phthalates.
One way to reduce your exposure to phthalates is to look for products that do not include "fragrance" or "parfum" on the packaging. This is especially important for pregnant women and babies, as phthalates can interfere with the body's natural hormones and have harmful effects on fetal development.
Additionally, you can look for certain acronyms on labels to identify specific types of phthalates. For example, DEHP (Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate) is commonly found in medical products like disposable gloves, tubes, catheters, and blood bags. By being mindful of these labels and choosing products that do not contain phthalates, you can reduce your exposure to these harmful chemicals.
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Avoid canned or packaged food
Phthalates are a family of chemicals used to soften and strengthen plastics, retain scents in fragrances, and help topical products like lotions penetrate the skin. They can be found in a wide range of consumer products, from shower curtains to cosmetics and food containers. While the exact ingredients in these products are often considered trade secrets, the presence of phthalates can be indicated by certain terms on labels, such as "fragrance" or "parfum".
To avoid canned or packaged food as a way to minimise exposure to phthalates, consider the following:
Firstly, recognise that canned and packaged foods have a reputation for being less nutritious than fresh foods, but this is not always the case. Some packaged foods may be less nutritious, but there are also healthy options available. The key is to look for products with minimal processing and a short list of ingredients. For example, canned tuna packed in water contains just two ingredients: tuna and water. It is also a good source of B vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D.
Secondly, be aware that canned and packaged foods can be more convenient and budget-friendly, but they may not always be the most sustainable option. Fresh food is ideal, but it can spoil quickly. Canned or frozen fruits and vegetables can be a great alternative when fresh produce is out of season or too expensive. Additionally, consider the environmental impact of frequent trips to the store for fresh food; stocking up on shelf-stable goods can reduce your carbon footprint.
Thirdly, understand that while canned and packaged foods are convenient for emergency planning, they may not always be the safest option in terms of health risks. Some canned foods, like tomatoes, have a shorter shelf life due to the acid content eroding the can. Additionally, some packaged foods, such as mayonnaise, may contain ingredients like eggs that can spoil over time, even if the other ingredients are shelf-stable. It is important to check expiration dates and be mindful of any signs of spoilage.
Finally, explore alternatives to canned and packaged foods. For example, instead of buying canned fruits and vegetables, consider growing your own or visiting a local farm to pick your own. You can also make baking staples like evaporated milk and condensed milk from scratch with a few simple ingredients. When shopping, look for products in TetraPaks, which are less likely to contain phthalates.
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Avoid vinyl products
Vinyl products, particularly those made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), often contain phthalates—a group of industrial chemicals that add flexibility and resilience to consumer and building products. About 90% of phthalates are used in vinyl, and they can be found in a variety of vinyl building materials and consumer products.
Phthalates are not chemically bound to vinyl, so they can leach, migrate or evaporate into indoor air and concentrate in household dust. This can result in human exposure through direct contact and indirect means, such as leaching into other products or general environmental contamination.
To avoid exposure to phthalates in vinyl products, here are some recommendations:
- Avoid vinyl flooring: Vinyl flooring is a significant source of phthalates exposure, especially for infants and young children who have higher respiratory rates and may be more vulnerable to the effects of phthalates during critical stages of growth and development. Look for alternative flooring options that are certified as low-VOC and phthalate-free, such as those with FloorScore® or GreenGuard Gold certifications. These certifications ensure that the product has been tested for indoor air quality impact and meets strict limits for VOC emissions.
- Choose reputable brands: Opt for major, reputable brands that comply with U.S. and EU safety regulations when purchasing vinyl products. These brands are more likely to have phased out high levels of phthalates and offer safer alternatives.
- Look for "phthalate-free" labels: When shopping for vinyl products, read the labels carefully and choose products that are explicitly labelled as "phthalate-free."
- Encourage manufacturer disclosure: Urge manufacturers to be transparent and disclose whether their products contain phthalates. Change can happen if consumers demand it. For example, Home Depot and Lowe's eliminated phthalates from most of their vinyl flooring in 2015 due to consumer pressure.
- Reduce dust accumulation: If you already have vinyl products in your home, regularly clean floors and surfaces with a damp mop or cloth to remove dust that may contain trace amounts of phthalates.
- Improve indoor air quality: Phthalates can evaporate into indoor air, so ensure proper ventilation in your home to reduce the concentration of these chemicals.
By following these guidelines, you can significantly reduce your exposure to phthalates in vinyl products and minimize potential health risks associated with these chemicals.
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Avoid store receipts
While it is challenging to know which plastics contain phthalates, one way to identify their presence is by looking for specific acronyms or terms on product labels. For example, DEHP (Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate) is commonly found in medical products. However, when it comes to avoiding phthalates in store receipts, the focus is often on reducing exposure to Bisphenol-A (BPA) and its substitute, Bisphenol-S (BPS). Here are some ways to avoid store receipts and minimize your contact with these chemicals:
Decline Receipts: When given the option, consider declining the receipt altogether. This is a simple yet effective way to reduce your exposure to BPA and BPS. Many people are now opting to go without a receipt, especially when it's not necessary for their records or warranties.
Choose Paperless Options: Encourage and support businesses that offer paperless receipts or digital alternatives. Some stores and restaurants now provide email or text-based receipts, which eliminate the use of thermal paper entirely. This not only reduces your exposure to phthalates but also contributes to saving paper and protecting the environment.
Wash Your Hands: If you do handle receipts, remember to wash your hands thoroughly, especially before eating or preparing food. The chemicals on the receipts can be absorbed through the skin, so proper hand hygiene is crucial to minimize potential health risks. Avoid touching your face or mouth after handling receipts, and ensure your hands are clean, especially after handling multiple receipts or changing receipt rolls.
Protective Gear for Staff: For individuals who work in retail or customer service and regularly handle receipts, it is recommended to use protective gear. Disposable gloves or food-grade silicone fingertips can act as a barrier between the skin and the chemicals on the receipts. Additionally, staff should be instructed to handle receipts gently, avoiding crumpling or unnecessary touching, and to keep their hands dry when handling receipts.
Choose Phenol-Free Alternatives: Some retailers are transitioning to phenol-free paper receipts, which are made without phenol-based chemicals like BPA or BPS. Keep an eye out for stores that use these safer alternatives, and consider supporting businesses that prioritize the health of their customers and employees.
Remember, while it's important to be informed and take precautions, don't let the fear of phthalates or other chemicals overwhelm you. Stay updated with the latest research and recommendations from trusted sources, and make informed choices to protect your health and the environment.
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Avoid toys with high phthalate content
Phthalates are a family of harmful chemicals that have been used in consumer products since the 1930s. They are often used to soften and strengthen plastics, retain scents in fragrances, and help topical products like lotions and cosmetics penetrate the skin. Due to their potential health risks, it is important to avoid toys with high phthalate content. Here are some ways to do that:
Firstly, it is important to know which plastics are more likely to contain phthalates. Look out for plastics with the recycling label that has the number three within the recycling arrows and the letters "V" and "PVC" underneath the triangle. This label indicates the presence of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which often contains phthalates.
Secondly, when it comes to toys, avoid those made of soft, flexible plastic, especially if they are intended for children under three years old. Congress has prohibited toys and childcare products containing three types of phthalates (DBP, BBP, and DEHP) since 2008. However, other types of phthalates may still be present in these products. Look for labels that specifically state ""no phthalates" or choose companies that have pledged to remain phthalate-free.
Thirdly, be cautious when choosing bath toys and drinking straws, as these are commonly made with DiNP (Di-isononyl phthalate), a type of phthalate. Also, avoid toys that children can put in their mouths, such as teethers and rubber ducks, as they can easily ingest phthalates.
Finally, do your research before purchasing toys. Contact the manufacturer or check their website to inquire about the presence of phthalates in their products. Some companies are transparent about their ingredients and may provide detailed information. Additionally, look for alternative materials such as wood, cloth, or metal for toys to reduce the likelihood of phthalate exposure.
By following these steps, you can actively avoid toys with high phthalate content and reduce the potential health risks associated with these chemicals. It is important to stay informed and make conscious choices when it comes to the products we bring into our homes, especially those intended for children.
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Frequently asked questions
It is difficult to identify plastics that contain phthalates as manufacturers are not required to list them on product labels. However, if you see the words "fragrance" or "parfum" on the packaging, the product likely contains phthalates. Additionally, look out for specific acronyms like DEHP, DBP, DMP, and DEP.
Phthalates are chemical compounds that make plastics more flexible, transparent, durable, and long-lasting. They are also used to retain scents in fragrances and help topical products like lotions penetrate the skin.
The health effects of phthalates are a subject of ongoing research. While some studies suggest that phthalates can interfere with the body's natural hormones, other reports claim that reproductive risks from exposure to phthalates are minimal. Regulatory actions vary across regions, with some countries regulating phthalates as toxins.
To reduce exposure to phthalates, avoid using certain types of plastic containers, especially for storing food. Opt for fresh, whole foods and minimise the use of canned or packaged goods. Additionally, be cautious when using personal care products like shampoo, soaps, and lotions, as these may also contain phthalates.
Yes, non-phthalate plasticizers are increasingly being used as alternatives. These include higher molecular-weight phthalates like DINP, DIDP, and non-phthalic plasticizers. These alternatives are not classified as hazardous and are used to improve the flexibility and durability of materials like PVC.
