Chloe Zhang
Painting plastic model trains is a skill that can be learned by any hobbyist. It is a great way to give your model train a new lease of life and a unique look. Whether you want to achieve an aged, weathered, or rusted aesthetic, or just a change in colour, there are some simple techniques that can help you get the most out of your models.
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What You'll Learn
Choosing the right paint
When it comes to choosing the right paint for your plastic train model, there are several factors to consider. Firstly, it is important to select a paint type that is suitable for plastic surfaces. Acrylic paints are a popular choice for plastic train models due to their durability, short drying time, and ease of cleanup. They can be applied in a variety of ways, and their simple application makes them accessible to hobbyists of all skill levels. However, keep in mind that acrylics can layer quite thickly, so a finishing coat is recommended.
Another option is enamel paint, which is available in modelling-specific colours. Enamels like Humbrol offer a wide range of colours, including those tailored for model railways, such as Railmatch Bauxite. Enamels provide a durable finish and can be applied with brushes or airbrushes. However, they may require more advanced techniques and longer drying times compared to acrylics.
For a quick and efficient painting process, spray paint is an excellent choice. Spray paints, such as RAL aerosols, offer a vast range of colours and are known for their ease of use and speed. When using spray paint, ensure that you maintain a consistent distance of about 10 inches from the surface to achieve an even coat. Allow adequate drying time between coats to prevent issues like cracking or bubbling.
If you're seeking a more detailed and nuanced paint job, an airbrush is a versatile tool that can be used on locomotives, structures, tracks, and scenery. Airbrushes offer precise control over paint application and can create a broad range of effects. They have a learning curve, but with practice, you can master the art of airbrushing. Single-action airbrushes are simpler to use, while double-action airbrushes provide greater control over paint flow.
Lastly, consider the aesthetic you wish to achieve. If you're going for a realistic look, opt for flat or muted colours. For an aged or weathered appearance, techniques like dry brushing, washes, and chalks can be used to create the desired effect. Remember to prime your model before painting, as it will ensure a smoother finish and enhance the final outcome.
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Priming the model
To prime a model train, start by cleaning the plastic surface with a mild soap or detergent and warm water to remove any dirt, grease, or mould release agents. You can also use a plastic model cleaner or degreaser for this step. Wipe down the model with a lint-free cloth dampened with isopropyl alcohol to remove any grease from your fingertips. Before priming, it is important to sand the plastic model using fine-grit sandpaper. Sanding helps to roughen the surface, allowing the primer to bond better and creates a smoother finish.
When choosing a primer, opt for a quick-drying primer designed for modelling or plastic surfaces. The most commonly used primer colours are grey, white, and black, each with their advantages. Grey primer creates a neutral base for both light and dark colours, white primer is great for brighter colours, and black primer can be used for advanced techniques like black basing to create a realistic, weathered look. Red and yellow paints are transparent, so a white primer works best for yellow and a yellow or pink primer for red.
When applying the primer, use thin layers and build up coverage gradually. A lightbox can help provide even lighting to ensure thorough coverage and identify any missed spots. Allow ample drying time before moving on to painting your model train.
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Spray painting
Before you begin, it is important to ensure you have the right materials and a suitable workspace. Spray paint can be dangerous if misused, so it is important to protect yourself and the surrounding area. A spray booth is a good way to protect yourself from harmful fumes, and you should also consider wearing a mask, protective glasses, and gloves. You will also need paint stirrers, pipettes, and pipe cleaners for mixing and cleaning, as well as a good light source.
Once you have prepared your workspace, you should test your spray can to ensure it is spraying evenly. To do this, grab a piece of scrap paper or plastic and spray directly onto the surface to check that paint is coming out of the nozzle correctly. It is also important to ensure that you spray any items from a distance of 10 inches away to guarantee an even coat.
Unlike conventional painting methods, spray painting requires a thin coat method, and the process must be completed in stages with plenty of drying time between coats. This will ensure that the paint dries completely before the next application and will result in a smoother finish.
When it comes to choosing the right spray paint, RAL aerosols are a popular choice, as they offer over 200 different colours. However, British Standard aerosols are also a strong contender for painting model trains. If you are unsure about which paint to choose, you can always seek advice from a specialist retailer.
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Hand painting
Painting plastic trains can be a tedious and time-consuming process, but it is a great way to give your model train a new lease of life. Here is a step-by-step guide to hand-painting your plastic train:
Preparation:
Firstly, it is important to prepare your train and workspace. Wash all model parts with soapy water to remove any finger grease or dust. For stubborn grime, use a mild solution of soapy water. Once clean, dry the parts with a rag. If there is any residual oil or wax on the train, use acetone or Simple Green solvent to remove it.
Sanding:
Since most plastic is glossy, sanding is necessary to help the paint adhere to the surface. Use fine sandpaper (#180 to #100) or a sanding sponge to gently sand the surface. Avoid vigorously sanding the plastic, as this may create enough friction to melt it. It is often best to sand by hand. After sanding, wipe down the train with a rag soaked in mineral spirits or isopropyl alcohol to remove any fine plastic dust. Ensure you do this in a well-ventilated area, as the rags are highly flammable.
Priming:
Primer is added as the first coat to provide a uniform surface and a stronger hold for your paint. Recommended primer colours include black, grey, or white, depending on your top coat colour. Use a thin primer to keep the finest details visible.
Painting:
Using a larger brush, add the base details with acrylic or enamel model paint. Then, use a smaller brush and lighter colours to make the details pop. Allow the paint to dry completely before moving on to the next step.
Varnishing:
The final step is to add a varnish to seal the paint and provide the desired sheen. Choose between a matte or satin finish, depending on your preference. Apply the varnish thinly and allow it to dry. Once dried, your model train is ready to be displayed!
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Drying and layering
Drying
Spray paints vary in drying time, so always read the instructions to know how long your chosen paint takes to dry. If you're using an airbrush, the paint will likely dry faster between coats, and you may not need to wait long before applying the next layer. However, it's crucial to allow each coat to dry completely before moving on. This will prevent ruining your hard work and having to start over.
Layering
The layering process is crucial to achieving a smooth and even finish on your plastic train model. Here are some tips for effective layering:
- Use thin coats: Apply multiple thin coats of paint instead of a single thick coat. This technique will give you a smoother finish and allow you to rectify any mistakes between layers.
- Maintain an even distance: When using an airbrush, maintain an even distance from the model. If you're too close, the paint may run; if you're too far, it might dry before reaching the model.
- Overlap your strokes: Overlap your strokes slightly and work evenly across the model. This technique will help you achieve a blended and even finish.
- Use a turntable: Place the model on a turntable to easily access all sides during painting.
- Avoid fingerprints: Keep your hands and fingers away from the model until the paint is completely dry. Fingerprints can smudge your work and ruin the effect.
- Use a finishing coat: When using acrylic paints, consider using a finishing coat to enhance durability and achieve the desired finish.
- Primer and topcoats: Prime the model before painting to provide a uniform surface and better paint adhesion. Tamiya Fine White Surface Primer is a good option for plastic models. After painting, consider using a topcoat, such as Mr. Hobby Topcoats, for added protection and a desired finish.
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Frequently asked questions
Simple acrylic paints are a good option for painting plastic trains. You can also use car paint, which comes in spray cans and offers a wide range of colours. If you're using a spray paint, RAL aerosols are a popular choice with over 200 colours available.
To achieve a realistic finish, it's important to use the right colours. Most prototypical structures appear in flat or muted colours, so avoid bright shades. If you're painting plastic walls that simulate wood, try blending shades of tan, brown, and black using washes or dry brushing.
Priming is an important step in the painting process. It sets the foundation for the paint and ensures a better finish. Krylon brand offers a specialty plastic primer spray that is suitable for model trains.
