Chloe Zhang
Sunlight, air exposure, and dirt can cause plastic to lose its colour over time. One way to restore colour to faded plastic is to use a heat gun on its lowest setting, moving it back and forth 4–6 inches away from the plastic until the colour returns. Alternatively, for hard plastics that haven't been painted, using soapy water and sandpaper can help restore colour. For softer plastics, a mixture of detergent, cleaner, bleach, and water can be sprayed on the discoloured area and rinsed after a few minutes. Applying hydrogen peroxide hair cream or dye can also restore colour, but for a short period.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Preventative measures | Apply a UV-resistant sealant to protect plastic from sun damage. |
| Heat gun | Use on low setting, 4-6 inches away from thicker plastic parts. |
| Soapy water and sandpaper | Use 150-grit sandpaper dipped in soapy water, then 220-grit sandpaper, in a circular motion. |
| Hydrogen peroxide | Submerge plastic with bromine compound yellowing in 3% hydrogen peroxide and sunlight to reverse discolouration. |
| Hair cream | Apply a layer of 9-12% hydrogen peroxide hair cream to discoloured areas with a paintbrush. |
| Paint | Use plastic-compatible paint, applying multiple thin coats with drying time between layers. |
| Detergent, cleaner, and bleach | Mix 1/3 cup of detergent, 2/3 cup of cleaner, 1 quart of bleach, and 1 gallon of water, then spray on discoloured softer plastics. |
| Dyes | Clean and sand the surface, then apply dye with an adhesion promoter. |
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What You'll Learn
Use soapy water and sandpaper
Restoring the colour of plastic items is a satisfying process, but it is even better to prevent them from fading in the first place. Sunlight contains harmful UV rays that damage plastic molecules, breaking their long molecular chains responsible for strength and colour. This breakdown weakens the plastic, making it brittle and causing it to lose its vibrant colour, leading to fading. Dust, dirt, and air pollutants can also slowly degrade plastic over time.
One way to restore the colour of plastic is to use soapy water and sandpaper. This method works by gently abrading the oxidized outer layer, and the soap promotes a smooth finish. For hard plastics that haven't been painted, fill a bucket with soap and water. Then, dip 150-grit sandpaper into the soapy water and rub the surface in a circular motion. Cover every faded area 5-6 times. Next, grab a sheet of 220-grit sandpaper and repeat the process, again rubbing in a circular motion. Cover every section 5-6 times before rinsing the surface off. You can continue using a finer grit sandpaper if there are any scratch marks remaining on the plastic.
This method is suitable for hard plastics such as storage bins, cutting boards, acrylic aquariums, and plastic furniture. It is important to note that this method is not suitable for vinyl records.
To maintain the surface integrity of plastic items, it is recommended to clean them monthly or after heavy exposure to outdoor elements. Mild soap or pH-balanced cleaners are ideal for this purpose, as harsh chemicals like bleach can damage the plastic unless diluted. Regular cleaning helps keep plastic surfaces smooth, preventing micro-scratches that accelerate UV damage.
Additionally, applying a UV-resistant sealant is one of the most effective ways to protect plastic from sun damage. Products like Graphene VRT or 303 Aerospace Protectant form a protective barrier that blocks ultraviolet rays and helps lock in colour and moisture. Apply these products with a microfiber cloth on clean, dry surfaces, and reapply every few months as needed.
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Apply low heat with a heat gun
To restore the colour of plastic using a heat gun, it is important to follow a few key steps. Firstly, ensure that the plastic surface is clean and free of any waxes or treatments, as these can react negatively to the heat process. Next, adjust the heat gun to its lowest setting, and position it 4-6 inches away from the plastic surface. It is crucial to maintain this distance to avoid damaging the plastic. Move the heat gun slowly and steadily in a back-and-forth motion, covering an area of 3-4 square inches at a time. Keep the gun in constant motion to avoid prolonged exposure in one spot, which can cause melting or warping.
As you apply heat, you will notice spots begin to appear on the plastic's surface. This is known as "sweating," and it indicates that the plastic is reaching its glass-transition temperature. The crystal structure of the molecules, previously damaged by UV radiation, starts to break down, allowing the molecules to move around and realign as the plastic cools. This process helps restore the colour and shine of the plastic.
It is important to be patient and consistent throughout the process. If you notice any shiny spots or signs of melting, stop applying heat and allow the plastic to cool. Once the plastic has cooled, you can move on to the next section and repeat the process.
While heat guns can effectively restore colour, it is a temporary solution. The treatment will eventually fade, and reapplying heat will only work until the plastic's oils are depleted. Additionally, each application increases the brittleness of the plastic, making it more susceptible to cracking and breaking. Therefore, it is recommended to use this method sparingly and consider other restoration techniques, such as trim restorers or coatings, to extend the lifespan of your plastic items.
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Bleach and detergent
Bleach, when used correctly, can be an effective way to restore colour to plastic. It is important to note that bleach should be diluted with water before use, as undiluted bleach can weaken plastic fibres, cause discolouration, and lead to cracking, especially on soft plastics.
When using bleach to restore colour to plastic, it is crucial to take safety precautions. Wear protective gear, such as thick rubber gloves, protective goggles, and a respirator mask. Work in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhaling bleach fumes. Always test the bleach solution on a small, hidden area of the plastic first to ensure it does not cause further damage.
To remove yellow stains from plastic, create a solution of equal parts bleach and water. Cover the stained plastic with this solution and let it soak overnight. Rinse the bleach solution off the plastic the next day and let the plastic item sit in direct sunlight for two full days. The sunlight will help remove any remaining stains and eliminate the smell of bleach.
For a more comprehensive solution, detergent, cleaner, and bleach can be combined to restore softer plastics. Mix one-third cup (79 mL) of liquid laundry detergent with two-thirds cup (160 mL) of all-purpose household cleaner. Then, add one quart (950 mL) of bleach and one gallon (3.8 L) of water to the mixture. Combine the ingredients and pour them into a spray bottle. Take the discoloured plastic item outside and spray the affected area. Allow the solution to soak for 2-3 minutes, then rinse the area with cold water. Finally, wash the plastic item thoroughly with soap and water to remove any residue.
It is important to note that bleach may not be suitable for all types of plastic, especially soft plastics. Always test on a small area first and follow safety instructions. Other methods, such as using baking soda paste, hydrogen peroxide, or commercial restoration products, may be more suitable for certain types of plastic or levels of discolouration.
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Paint
After the plastic surface is cleaned, you can apply a plastic primer to ensure the paint adheres well. When choosing a paint, opt for a high-quality plastic-compatible paint, such as acrylic paint designed for plastic. It is recommended to apply multiple thin coats of paint, allowing proper drying time between each layer. This will help achieve a durable and even finish.
If you are painting over an already painted surface, you may need to remove the old paint first. In this case, sanding the surface can help create a smooth base for the new paint. Additionally, if the plastic has any discolouration, you can treat it with hydrogen peroxide before painting.
It is important to note that painting plastic may not always yield a perfect finish. Brush marks may be visible, especially if using a brush with acrylic paint. For previously unpainted plastic, you may need to touch up the colour sooner, as the new paint may not perfectly match the original colour.
One recommended product for painting plastic is Rub 'n Restore®, a leather and vinyl paint that can be used on a variety of plastic items, including automotive plastics and hot tub siding.
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UV-resistant sealant
One of the most effective ways to protect plastic from sun damage is to apply a UV-resistant sealant. Such sealants form a protective barrier that blocks ultraviolet rays and helps lock in colour and moisture.
When selecting a UV-resistant sealant, look for products labelled "UV protection" or "ceramic-based" for the best results. For example, Graphene VRT and 303 Aerospace Protectant are two such products that can help prevent plastic from fading due to sun exposure.
Before applying any sealant, it is important to clean and prepare the plastic surface. This may involve using soapy water and sandpaper to remove any dirt, grime, or existing coatings. Additionally, some plastic surfaces may require a primer or adhesion promoter to ensure the sealant adheres properly.
By taking the time to properly clean, prepare, and apply a UV-resistant sealant, you can effectively protect your plastic items from sun damage and help maintain their colour and appearance.
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Frequently asked questions
There are several ways to restore the colour of plastic items, including using a heat gun, dye, paint, and cleaning solutions.
Using a heat gun can temporarily restore the colour of plastic by bringing natural oils back to the surface. Keep the heat gun on its lowest setting and move it back and forth 4-6 inches away from the plastic until the colour is restored.
For softer plastics, a mixture of detergent, cleaner, bleach, and water can be used to restore discolouration. For hard plastics, a mixture of soapy water and sandpaper can be used. Alternatively, a hydrogen peroxide hair cream can be applied to the discoloured area.
Dyes offer a permanent solution to recolouring plastic. Clean and sand the surface, then apply the dye with an adhesion promoter if needed. For painted plastics with fading, use a high-quality plastic-compatible paint and apply multiple thin coats with proper drying time between layers.
