Alexei Volkov
Installing a plastic shower pan is a plumbing project that requires precision at every stage. It is important to ensure that the shower is water-tight to prevent leaks and water damage. This involves several steps, including measuring the shower stall framing, planning the drainage setup, dry-fitting the shower pan, drilling holes, installing the shower drain, and applying mortar or adhesive. The process requires basic pipe-joining techniques and careful measurement to ensure a proper fit for the shower pan and drain assembly. With the right tools, supplies, and attention to detail, installing a plastic shower pan can help create a functional and durable shower setup.
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What You'll Learn
Planning the drainage setup
Measure and Map Out the Shower Stall Framing:
Start by taking accurate measurements of the shower stall framing. Note the exact dimensions of the shower area, including any alcoves or niches in the framing. Identify the location of the existing or new drainpipe. This information will be crucial for planning the drain location and ensuring a proper fit for the shower pan.
Determine Drain Location:
Typically, the drain is centred along one wall or slightly off-centre if accommodating an alcove. Trace the drain flange location and consider whether you need to adjust the drain height based on the thickness of your chosen shower pan. It is important to have all the measurements mapped out to ensure the correct sizing and sloping of the shower pan.
Choose the Right Drain Assembly:
Shower drain assemblies come in different types, such as compression-type drains and solvent-glued drains. The choice depends on your shower base, the type of pipes in your home, and the manufacturer's recommendations for the shower pan and drain. Compression-type shower drains are generally easier to install and are suitable for steel, fiberglass, and acrylic shower bases.
Prepare the Subfloor:
Ensure that the subfloor is flat and level. If it is not level, apply a self-leveling compound following the manufacturer's instructions. Clean the subfloor area and prepare it for the installation of the shower pan liner and drain assembly.
Install the Shower Pan Liner:
Follow the manufacturer's instructions for installing the shower pan liner. Typically, this involves measuring and cutting the liner to fit the dimensions of the shower pan and securing it to the rough framing. The liner is a critical component for waterproofing, so ensure it is installed correctly.
Install the Drain Assembly:
Disassemble all parts of the drain assembly and set aside any necessary components, such as the cardboard friction washer and rubber sealing washer. Follow the manufacturer's instructions for assembling and installing the drain assembly. Ensure that the drainpipe is properly adjusted to the correct height and aligned with the shower pan drain hole.
By carefully following these steps and paying attention to measurements and manufacturer's instructions, you can effectively plan and execute the drainage setup for your plastic shower pan installation.
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Preparing the subfloor
First, ensure the subfloor area is clear of any debris, old tiles, or flooring materials. Check the condition of the floor to guarantee a solid foundation. The subfloor should be stable and free of rot or damage. Replace any compromised sections if necessary.
Next, create a plan for the drainage setup. Measure and mark the location of the existing or new drainpipe. Decide if you need to adjust the drain height based on your shower pan thickness. Determine the desired shower size and identify any alcoves or niches in the framing. Trace the drain flange location and plan the drain placement to ensure the shower pan is situated correctly.
Then, prepare the subfloor for the waterproofing process. If the subfloor is not completely flat and level, apply a self-leveling compound following the manufacturer's instructions. Be sure to use a compound that adheres to the substrate, such as OSB, cement board, or plywood. Let the compound cure according to the manufacturer's instructions.
After the subfloor is level, it's time to create a pre-slope mortar bed. Use a pre-slope mortar mix to create a gentle slope towards the drain, ensuring proper water drainage and preventing pooling. Dump enough dry pack sand mix into the shower base to form a level perimeter around the shower pan at your desired height. Pack the perimeter with a rubber or wooden float and use a hand level to ensure it is even. Once the perimeter is level, fill in the center of the shower pan, establishing a rough slope from the edges to the drain. Pack down the material and use a straight edge to confirm a smooth slope in all directions.
Finally, apply a waterproofing membrane over the subfloor. Cut a sheet of building paper or roofing felt to fit the bottom of the shower base, acting as a cleavage membrane. Secure it to the subfloor with nails or staples. Then, spread a layer of thin-set mortar onto the subfloor within the membrane's boundaries. Lay the waterproofing membrane over the mortar, smoothing out any wrinkles or air bubbles with a rubber float. Seal the seams and corners with mesh tape and additional thin-set mortar to create a secure and leakproof barrier.
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Installing the shower pan
First, measure the shower stall framing and create a plan for the drainage setup. Note the exact shower dimensions and identify any alcoves or niches in the framing. Mark where the existing or new drainpipe is situated. Plan where your drain will be located. It is typically centred along one wall or slightly off-centre if accommodating an alcove. Then, trace the drain flange location. Decide if you need to change or adjust the drain height based on your shower pan thickness. Having all measurements mapped out and knowing the drain placement is important. It will ensure your size, slope, and situate the shower pan correctly from the start.
Next, dry-fit the shower pan in the opening. Draw a line onto the subfloor along the edge of the shower pan; this line will be referenced later. Drill 3/16-inch holes in the flange at each stud location. Check to see if the shower drain hole lines up with the existing shower drain. If the hole does not align, trace the hole location onto the substrate and remove the shower pan. Using a jigsaw or circular saw, cut a hole in the subfloor for the shower drain pipe. The size of this hole typically shouldn’t exceed 5 inches, but check with the shower pan manufacturer’s specifications. Relocate the P-trap for the shower drain and pipe as necessary from below so that the waste pipe extends approximately 1 3/4-inch above the subfloor (this distance will be specified in the manufacturer’s instructions). Make sure the entire bottom of the shower pan sits on a flat, level surface. Check the subfloor area from left to right and from front to back to ensure it is level. If the subfloor is not flat and level, apply a self-leveling compound following the manufacturer’s instructions.
Mix mortar cement according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Then, spread it evenly across the subfloor using a notched trowel to create a bed layer for the shower pan. Maintain 1/4” thickness across the entire pan area. Slope an even grade down towards the drain cutout based on pan specifications. With the mortar still freshly spread and pliable, carefully set the shower pan centred in the installation area. You need to press it down firmly to embed it in the mortar. Use a level across the top and side edges to ensure the pan sits evenly without any rocking or tilting. With a threaded shower drainpipe extending from below through the cutout hole, apply plumber’s putty around the top of the drain. Carefully align the threads and lower the drain body down into the pan opening. Tighten the drain nut securely underneath using channel locks. Wipe away any excess putty squeezed out around the drain edges inside the pan.
Finally, screw the shower pan rim into the wall studs using 1 1/4-inch exterior-grade screws through the pre-drilled holes. Place the rubber drainpipe gasket over the drainpipe coming up through the shower drain flange. Thread the gasket setscrew over the rubber gasket. Tighten with the included tool and a screwdriver until secure. Screw or snap the shower drain screen into place over the flange so that it sits flush with the shower pan base. Allow the thinset mortar or adhesive to dry fully per the manufacturer’s instructions. Test the pan and shower drain connection for leaks as well as in and around the shower stall. Get an inspection if needed.
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Sealing the shower pan
Before applying the sealant, it is crucial to clean and dry the surface thoroughly. Surfaces must be completely dry for the silicone sealant to bond properly. Use a hairdryer to speed up the drying process if needed.
To apply the sealant, use a caulk gun and caulking tools, along with paper towels to wipe away any excess. Squeeze the trigger firmly and evenly to lay a smooth bead of silicone along the seams and joints of the shower pan. Use a spatula or your finger to smooth out the seal, ensuring a precise application.
After applying the sealant, allow it to cure for at least 24 hours before using the shower. During this time, the sealant will harden and create a strong, watertight barrier.
Additionally, pay attention to the manufacturer's instructions for the sealant and follow any specific guidelines or recommendations provided. Proper sealing of the shower pan is critical to ensure the longevity of your shower installation and prevent water-related issues.
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Testing for leaks
Testing a plastic shower pan for leaks is a simple process, but it requires vigilance and patience. It is important to regularly inspect your shower pan for leaks to prevent water damage and mould.
Firstly, ensure that the shower floor is completely dry before you begin the test. Then, remove the screws and drain plate. Next, place an air pressure ball or a flexible rubber ball into the drain to plug it. You can also use duct tape or plastic sheeting to create a water-tight seal. It is important to plug the drain below the weep holes to allow water to flow underneath the tile and not escape through the holes.
After the drain is covered, fill the shower pan with water. You can fill it to about one or two inches deep, or enough water to make a mark on the wall with painter's tape to indicate the water level. If you notice any immediate signs of water escaping, you have a leak.
Now, you must wait. It is recommended to leave the water in the shower pan for at least eight hours or even up to 24 hours. During this time, regularly check the water level and observe the surrounding floor, nearby walls, and the ceiling underneath the shower. If the water level drops or you notice any dripping or staining, your shower pan is leaking.
If you detect a leak, it is important to act quickly to prevent further damage and necessary to consult a professional for confirmation and guidance on repairs.
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Frequently asked questions
Installing a shower pan takes precision and accuracy at every stage. You should be familiar with basic pipe-joining techniques, including cutting and cementing plastic pipes and fittings. You should also ensure that you have a clear plan for your drainage setup, with all measurements mapped out and the drain placement decided.
Mix mortar cement according to the manufacturer's instructions and spread it evenly across the subfloor using a notched trowel to create a bed layer for the shower pan. Maintain a thickness of 1/4" across the entire pan area, sloping it down towards the drain cutout.
If you have a plastic drainpipe, make sure to match the shower drain to the type of plastic in the drain system. Spread plastic pipe primer around the outside edge of the drainpipe and the inner surface of the smooth socket on the lower drain body. Spread a thin layer of solvent glue on the same surfaces and immediately slide the drain pipe into the socket. Hold it in place until the bond hardens.
