
Fermentation is a popular food preservation method, and many people wonder if it is safe to ferment in plastic containers. The answer is not straightforward, as it depends on various factors, including the type of plastic, the quality of the plastic, and the type of food being fermented. Some people prefer to use glass or metal containers due to concerns about plastic leaching chemicals, difficulty in sanitizing plastic containers, and the potential for harbouring unwanted microorganisms. However, others find plastic containers convenient for fermentation, especially food-grade plastic containers that are BPA-free and have airtight seals.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Fermentation in plastic containers | Possible, but not preferred |
| Reasons for using plastic containers | Cheap, easy to carry, easy to clean, doesn't break |
| Reasons against using plastic containers | Risk of chemicals leaching into the food, possible contamination, difficult to sanitise, difficult to create an airtight seal, may not be safe for long-term fermentation |
| Preferred alternatives | Glass, stainless steel, ceramic |
| Plastic alternatives | Food-grade plastic, PET bottles, HDPE plastic |
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What You'll Learn
- Plastic containers can be used for fermenting, but only if they are food-grade plastic
- Fermenting in plastic may cause off-flavours and unwanted microorganisms
- Plastic containers may not have an airtight seal, which can cause contamination
- Chemicals can leach from plastic containers into the fermented product
- Glass containers are generally preferred over plastic for fermenting

Plastic containers can be used for fermenting, but only if they are food-grade plastic
If you are using a recycled container, it is better to use glass rather than plastic. You can clean and sterilize a glass jar in your dishwasher. Glass jars are also preferred over plastic containers to avoid the risk of cross-contamination. It is also advised to avoid plastic milk jugs for fermentation.
Clear plastic juice bottles are usually made of PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate), which is the best plastic to ferment in. Air permeability is very close to zero. HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene) plastic is usually white or coloured or semi-opaque white and lets in comparatively more air than PET. It is advised to use PET if possible.
It is important to note that alcohol is a powerful solvent and may have a lower pH than what was in the plastic containers. This means that certain chemicals can leach from the plastic into the fermenting liquid. While this may not result in a discernible difference in taste, the leached chemicals may pose a health hazard. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure that only food-grade plastic is used for fermentation.
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Fermenting in plastic may cause off-flavours and unwanted microorganisms
Fermenting in plastic containers is a common practice, especially for foods like kimchi and sauerkraut. However, there are some potential risks and drawbacks associated with it. One of the main concerns is the possibility of off-flavours and unwanted microorganisms developing in the fermented product. Plastic containers are easily scratched, and these scratches can harbour unwanted microorganisms, which can be difficult to remove. Brewers often avoid fermenting in plastic containers because of this risk.
Additionally, plastic containers may not have an airtight seal, which can lead to contamination. It is important to carefully inspect the seal of any plastic container before using it for fermentation. Even a small amount of oxygen can affect the quality of the fermenting product. Glass containers, on the other hand, are designed for fermentation and typically provide a better seal.
Another concern is the potential for chemical leaching. Alcohol is a powerful solvent, and it may have a lower pH than what was previously stored in the plastic container. This can cause chemicals to leach from the plastic into the fermenting product, which may pose health hazards, especially over the long term. However, some types of plastics, such as PET (clear plastic bottles), are considered safe for fermentation and have very low air permeability.
To minimise the risk of off-flavours and unwanted microorganisms, it is recommended to use food-grade plastic containers that are BPA-free. These containers are designed for food storage and are less likely to leach chemicals. Additionally, glass containers are a safer alternative to plastic, as they do not pose the same risks of chemical leaching or flavour contamination.
In conclusion, while fermenting in plastic containers is possible, it is important to be aware of the potential drawbacks. Off-flavours and unwanted microorganisms can develop due to the nature of plastic containers. To ensure the best quality and safety of your fermented products, it is crucial to carefully select the appropriate containers and consider alternatives like glass or food-grade plastic.
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Plastic containers may not have an airtight seal, which can cause contamination
While plastic containers are convenient and inexpensive, they may not always provide an airtight seal. This can allow oxygen and other contaminants to enter the container, compromising the quality and safety of the fermented product. It is therefore crucial to carefully inspect the seal of any plastic container before using it for fermentation.
One way to test the seal of a plastic container is to fill it with water, close the lid securely, and then turn the container upside down to check for leaks. Another method is to submerge the closed container in water and look for escaping air bubbles. If the container does not have a tight seal, it may not be suitable for fermentation, as it could increase the risk of contamination.
To mitigate the risk of contamination, some people choose to use alternative containers, such as glass jars or crocks, which are more likely to have airtight seals. Glass containers are also easier to sterilize and do not pose the same risk of chemical leaching as plastic containers. However, glass can be more fragile and may not be as durable or convenient as plastic for long-term storage.
Ultimately, the choice of container depends on various factors, including the type of fermentation, the level of risk tolerance, and personal preferences. While plastic containers may be suitable for some types of fermentation, it is essential to prioritize food safety and choose containers that can provide the necessary airtight seal to prevent contamination.
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Chemicals can leach from plastic containers into the fermented product
Fermentation is a process that involves the growth of good bacteria and the inhibition of undesirable microbes. The choice of container for fermentation is critical to the success of this process. While plastic containers are lightweight, durable, and inexpensive, there are concerns about the safety of using them for fermentation.
One of the primary concerns with plastic containers is the potential for chemicals to leach into the fermented product. Alcohol is a powerful solvent with a low pH, and it may cause certain chemicals to leach out of the plastic and into the liquid. These leached chemicals may pose a health hazard, even if they do not affect the taste of the final product. The risk of chemical leaching may be higher with long-term aging of the fermented product.
The type of plastic used is an important consideration. Clear plastic juice bottles made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) are often recommended for fermentation because they have very low air permeability. However, even PET bottles may not be completely safe, as some people argue that soft drinks have a more acidic pH than alcohol, which could make a difference in the chemical stability of the container.
Food-grade plastic containers that are BPA-free and specifically designed for fermentation, such as the Fermonster and Big Mouth Bubbler, are generally considered safe for fermentation. These containers are made of high-quality plastic that is less likely to leach chemicals. However, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and take proper care of these containers to ensure their effectiveness and longevity.
It is worth noting that glass and stainless steel containers are also popular choices for fermentation. Glass containers, such as Mason jars, are easy to clean and sterilize, and they do not pose the same risk of chemical leaching as plastic. Stainless steel containers are another safe and durable option, although they can be more expensive. Ultimately, the choice of container depends on various factors, including personal preference, availability, and the specific fermentation project.
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Glass containers are generally preferred over plastic for fermenting
While some people use food-grade plastic containers for fermenting, there are concerns about the potential for chemicals to leach into the fermented product, especially with long-term aging. The type of plastic and the quality of the grade are important considerations, as some plastics may not be safe for fermentation. For example, clear plastic juice bottles made of PET plastic are considered safe for fermentation due to their low air permeability, while plastic milk jugs are generally advised against.
Another consideration is the seal of the container. Glass containers designed for fermentation typically have better airtight seals than plastic containers, reducing the risk of contaminants. Glass containers are also less likely to be affected by changes in temperature, which can be important for maintaining the integrity of the seal and the quality of the fermenting product.
Furthermore, glass containers are often preferred for aesthetic reasons. Many people appreciate the ability to see the fermentation process occurring in a glass container, and glass containers can also be more elegant for serving and storing fermented products. Glass containers are also seen as a more environmentally friendly option, as they can be reused for various purposes and recycled more easily than plastic.
Overall, while it is possible to ferment in food-safe plastic containers, glass containers are generally preferred due to their superior sterilizability, lower risk of bacterial contamination, better seals, versatility, and aesthetic appeal.
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Frequently asked questions
Yes, it is okay to ferment in plastic as long as it is food-grade plastic.
Clear plastic juice bottles are usually made of PET plastic, which is the best plastic to ferment in.
Yes, there is a risk of chemicals leaching from the plastic into the fermented product, especially if it is high in alcohol or has a low pH.
Plastic containers are easier to clean, carry, and stack compared to glass containers. They are also less breakable.
It is important to check that the plastic is food-safe and BPA-free. Additionally, look for a container with a tight seal to prevent contaminants from entering.


































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