
Plastic is ubiquitous, and recycling it is essential to prevent it from ending up in landfills or harming marine life. However, recycling plastic is challenging due to the various types and their distinct recycling requirements. The seven plastic recycling symbols, numbered 1 to 7, represent different types of plastic with specific recycling instructions. This paragraph introduces the topic of recycling plastic numbers 3-7, which some regions, like Logan, have stopped accepting in their recycling programs due to increasing pressures in the recycling industry. Understanding the recyclability of plastics 3-7 is crucial for individuals and businesses to make informed decisions and contribute to sustainable practices.
Plastic Recycling Numbers 3-7
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Plastic Number 3 | PVC. A soft, flexible plastic used for household products like plastic tubing, kids' toys, plastic trays, and furniture. |
| Recyclability | Cannot be recycled. |
| Plastic Number 4 | Used for produce and grocery bags. |
| Recyclability | Should not be put in recycling bins as they can get tangled in recycling equipment. Collected by grocery stores for proper recycling. |
| Plastic Number 5 | PP. Used for food containers like yogurt, sour cream, and margarine pots, as well as straws, rope, carpet, and bottle caps. |
| Recyclability | Can sometimes be recycled. |
| Plastic Number 6 | PS. Used for disposable coffee cups, packing peanuts, coolers, and to-go food containers. |
| Recyclability | Can sometimes be recycled. |
| Plastic Number 7 | Code 7/PLA. Indicates a plant-based resin that will degrade under certain conditions but not in landfills. |
| Recyclability | Rarely recycled as they require processing at modern, high-rate composting facilities. |
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What You'll Learn
- Plastic resins #3-7 are hard to recycle due to a lack of market demand
- Plastic #3 is best avoided when microwaving food or beverages
- Plastic #7 is clear, hard, and contains the hormone disruptor BPA
- Plastic #7 can also be made from plants and be carbon-neutral
- Recycling plastic #1 and #2 is often accepted and mandatory in some places

Plastic resins #3-7 are hard to recycle due to a lack of market demand
Plastic resins #3-7 typically refer to rigid containers made from hard plastics. These plastics are challenging to recycle because there is little to no market demand for them. As a result, even if these plastics can be technically recycled, they often end up in landfills or harm marine life.
The difficulty in recycling plastic resins #3-7 can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, consumers may not be aware of the specific types of plastic that can be recycled and how to dispose of them properly. This lack of awareness leads to confusion and incorrect disposal methods. Secondly, some plastics, such as Styrofoam, shrink wrap, and manufacturing scrap, require specialized handling, making them more challenging and costly to recycle.
Additionally, the plastics industry relies heavily on non-renewable resources, primarily petroleum products, which require a significant amount of energy and contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. The massive volume of plastic waste generated, with single-use plastics accounting for a large proportion, further exacerbates the problem.
Despite these challenges, there are ongoing efforts to improve plastic circularity. For instance, companies like Mango Materials are working on innovative solutions to produce bio-based plastics and increase recycling capabilities.
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Plastic #3 is best avoided when microwaving food or beverages
Plastic is everywhere, and while recycling is a good way to prevent plastic from ending up in landfills or harming marine life, it can be a complicated process. One of the barriers to recycling plastic is a lack of awareness of the seven plastic recycling symbols, each of which represents a different type of plastic with distinct recycling instructions.
Plastic #3, also known as PVC, is a soft and flexible plastic that is used for a wide array of household products, including plastic tubing, kids' toys, plastic trays, and furniture. While products stamped with a 3 can sometimes be recycled, it is best to check your municipality's guidelines.
It is important to note that exposing plastics to heat, such as by microwaving them, can cause additives, some of which are harmful, to leach into your food and beverages. These additives include colorants, reinforcements, and stabilizers, and they are added to plastics to give them color, texture, softness, or rigidity. Of the 16,000 chemicals known to researchers, 3,200 are considered "substances of concern" as they are known to cause cancer, disrupt neural development, and hijack hormonal signals throughout the human body.
The primary chemicals of concern in plastic #3 are phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA), which are used to increase the flexibility and durability of the plastic. These chemicals, especially BPA, are endocrine disruptors, which means they disrupt the hormonal signals that regulate vital body processes. They can also impact the reproductive system, cell growth regulation, and neurodevelopment. Therefore, it is best to avoid microwaving plastic #3 containers, and if you need to cover your food in the microwave, it is recommended to use wax paper, parchment paper, or a paper towel.
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Plastic #7 is clear, hard, and contains the hormone disruptor BPA
Plastic #7 is a catch-all category for plastics that do not fall into the previous six categories. Polycarbonate is a #7 plastic, and it is clear, hard, and contains the hormone disruptor BPA (Bisphenol A). BPA is one of polycarbonate's building blocks, and it has been linked to obesity, cancer, and endocrine problems in foetuses and children.
The presence of BPA in polycarbonate products has raised concerns about its safety, especially when used for food and beverage storage. Studies have indicated that BPA molecules may leach from polycarbonate containers into food or water, potentially in unhealthy amounts. However, it is important to note that not all #7 plastics contain BPA. Only polycarbonate items are made using BPA, and other #7 plastics, such as Tritan, acrylic, melamine, and PLA compostables, are BPA-free.
Due to concerns about BPA, many manufacturers have transitioned to using BPA-free plastics. However, some substitutes, such as BPS and BPF, may also disrupt endocrine function. To reduce exposure to BPA, it is advisable to avoid plastic containers marked #3, #6, or #7, especially when microwaving food or beverages.
#7 plastic is difficult to recycle, and most curbside recycling programs do not accept it. It is generally recycled at an industrial level into new durable plastic goods.
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Plastic #7 can also be made from plants and be carbon-neutral
Plastic is everywhere, and while recycling is the best step to prevent plastic from ending up in landfills or harming marine life, it can be complicated. Consumers often don't know what types of plastic can be disposed of and in which ways. To help with this, plastic products are often stamped with a resin code, which is a number between one and seven inside a small triangle made of arrows. Each number corresponds to a different type of plastic.
Plastic #7 is a diverse category that includes any plastic other than #1-6. This can include fossil-fuel-based plastics, as well as bioplastics or compostable plastics derived from plants. Polycarbonate, a clear, hard plastic that has worried parents due to its BPA (bisphenol A) content, is a #7 plastic. However, PLA (polylactic acid), a bioplastic typically made from fermented plant starch, also falls into the #7 category. PLA is made from the sugars in corn starch, cassava, or sugarcane, and it is biodegradable, carbon-neutral, and edible. It can be used to create disposable cutlery, bottles, and rubbish bags.
While bioplastics like PLA have been hyped as a solution to the plastic problem, they are not without their drawbacks. They often require industrial composters to process and, when the energy required to produce them is factored in, they can have a higher carbon footprint than conventional plastics. However, a 2017 study found that switching from traditional plastic to corn-based PLA would cut US greenhouse gas emissions by 25%. Additionally, if traditional plastics were produced using renewable energy sources, greenhouse gas emissions could be reduced by 50-75%.
Overall, while Plastic #7 can include non-recyclable fossil-fuel-based plastics, it also includes plant-based, carbon-neutral options like PLA, which has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provide a more sustainable alternative to traditional plastics.
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Recycling plastic #1 and #2 is often accepted and mandatory in some places
Plastic recycling is complicated, and consumers often don't know what types of plastic can be disposed of and in which ways. Each type of plastic has a resin code, a number between one and seven inside a small triangle made of arrows, which corresponds to a different type of plastic.
Plastics #1 and #2 are the most common types of plastic containers and the most easily recyclable. They are also the most likely to have a California Redemption Value (CRV) associated with them. These plastics can be recycled in your commingled recycling container at your home, business, apartment, or school. They can also be recycled at almost every recycling center. These plastics are used to make bottles for soda, water, and other drinks. They are also used to make cooking oil containers, plastic peanut butter jars, and containers for other popular food items.
However, it's important to note that the numbers on plastic products are not 'recycling codes' and don't necessarily indicate recyclability. They are ''resin identification codes' and mean that at least 51% of the material in an object is that type of plastic. The presence of a resin code doesn't always mean the product can be recycled. It's best to check with your local municipality's recycling guidelines to see what is and isn't accepted.
In some places, such as Massachusetts, recycling certain types of plastic containers is mandatory. The statewide waste ban prohibits the disposal of any single-resin narrow-necked bottles (i.e. soda bottles) in trash bins, making recycling these containers a legal requirement.
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