Ethan Clarke
Bandai's Gundam Plastic models, also known as Gunpla, are model kits depicting the mecha machinery and characters of the fictional Gundam multiverse. The High Grade (HG) line of Gunpla kits was introduced in 1990 to celebrate the 10th anniversary of Gunpla. These kits feature a better range of motion and greater poseability than most No-Grade kits. The plastic used in these kits includes polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and polyethylene (PE).
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Plastic type | Polystyrene (PS), Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene |
| Scale | 1:144, 1:100, 1:550 |
| Assembly | Snap-fit, glue |
| Runner sections | PS (Polystyrene), ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), PE (Polyethylene) |
| Frame | Inner skeletal frame |
| Articulations | Improved range of motion, poseability |
| Accessories | Plastic cutters, hobby knife, LED lighting kits, decals, decorative accessories |
| Model type | High Grade (HG), Real Grade (RG), Perfect Grade (PG), Entry Grade, Master Grade (MG), Reborn-One Hundred (RE/100) |
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What You'll Learn
Polystyrene (PS) is used for most armour parts
Gundam Plastic models, Gundam Plamo, or Gunpla are model kits that depict the mecha machinery and characters of the fictional Gundam multiverse by Bandai Spirits. Bandai sold over 100 million Gundam plastic model units between 1980 and 1984, and over 300 million units by May 1999. Bandai has sold an estimated 450 million units worldwide across nearly 2,000 different Gundam models as of 2025.
The inner frame of the real grades is made of two types of plastic moulded on top of one another. While PS is used for most armour parts, ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) is usually used for the inner frame. ABS is less brittle than PS and can be reused in other applications, minimising waste products. ABS plastics are thermoplastics, meaning they can be heated and reused in filament form.
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Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is used for the inner frame
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, or ABS, is a type of thermoplastic polymer that is commonly used in injection moulding applications. It is composed of three monomers: acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene, which combine to form a tough and durable material. ABS is known for its impact resistance, toughness, and rigidity compared to other common polymers. It also has excellent stability under load and can withstand heavy use and adverse environmental conditions.
In the context of HG Gundam models, ABS is typically used for the inner frame. This is because ABS is less brittle than other plastics such as polystyrene (PS), which is often used for the armour parts. The inner frame of a Gundam model requires a strong and durable material that can withstand the stress of articulation and posing. ABS is well-suited for this purpose due to its toughness and impact resistance.
Additionally, ABS has a low melting point, which makes it easy to use in the injection moulding process. This allows for the creation of complex shapes and structures, such as the inner frame of a Gundam model. The versatility of ABS also extends to its ability to take on various colours and surface textures, making it ideal for achieving the desired aesthetic of the model.
Another advantage of using ABS for the inner frame is its compatibility with paints and glues. The glossy surface finish of ABS readily accepts paints, allowing for precise colour matching and detailing. This is especially important for Gundam models, which often require intricate painting to replicate the appearance of the mecha machinery and characters from the Gundam multiverse.
Furthermore, ABS is a cost-effective material that is widely used across various industries. Its low production cost and ease of machining make it a popular choice for manufacturers. This affordability, combined with its durability and versatility, contributes to its selection for the inner frame of HG Gundam models.
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Polyethylene (PE) is used for polycaps
Polyethylene (PE) is a type of plastic used in polycaps, the intermediary parts that are semi-flexible and usually connect the joint sections in Gundam plastic models, also known as Gunpla. PE is one of the most common plastics in the world and is often used in plastic bags. It is cheap and durable, but exposure to harsh sunlight (UV rays), chemical solvents, or extreme heat may cause it to degrade over time.
In Gunpla kits, PE is used for polycaps, while other types of plastic are used for different parts of the model. For example, polystyrene (PS) is typically used for armour parts and is relatively brittle, while acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is used for the inner frame and is less brittle than PS.
The use of PE in polycaps is important because it allows for flexibility and movement in the joints of the Gundam model. This is crucial for achieving a better range of motion and poseability, especially in the HG (High Grade) kits, which are known for their improved articulation and detail.
While PE is generally durable, some Gunpla builders have expressed concerns about polycaps becoming brittle and cracking over time due to wear and friction. However, it is worth noting that polycaps are fairly easy to replace, and steps can be taken to prolong their lifespan, such as keeping them away from direct sunlight and heat.
Overall, the use of PE in polycaps is a standard practice in Gunpla kits, contributing to the flexibility and articulation of the Gundam models while also ensuring cost-effectiveness and ease of replacement.
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ABS and polypropylene are used for RG frames
RG frames are made of ABS and polypropylene. ABS, or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, is a combination of several different molecules. It is one of the most affordable thermoplastics and has excellent mechanical properties such as durability, rigidity, and heat deflection capability. ABS is also impact-resistant, strong, and stiff, making it a popular choice for injection molding. It is a low-cost plastic that is mostly unaffected by temperature, humidity, and frequency, and it is a good electrical insulator with exceptional dielectric properties.
Polypropylene (PP), on the other hand, is a chain of a single type of molecule. It has a high melting point and cold temperature impact resistance, making it suitable for varied temperature applications. Polypropylene is chemically resistant due to its semi-crystalline structure, whereas ABS is amorphous. It is also highly resistant to electricity and is a good electrical insulator.
The combination of ABS and polypropylene in RG frames provides a balance of strength, durability, and impact resistance. ABS provides a strong and rigid foundation, while polypropylene adds flexibility and impact resistance. This combination of plastics allows for the creation of intricate and detailed frames that can withstand stress and external impacts.
Additionally, the use of ABS and polypropylene in RG frames offers advantages in the manufacturing process. Both materials are commonly used in injection molding, machining, and 3D printing, making them versatile and easy to work with. The affordability and availability of these plastics also contribute to cost-effectiveness and accessibility for both manufacturers and consumers.
Overall, the use of ABS and polypropylene in RG frames offers a combination of strength, durability, and flexibility, along with manufacturing advantages that contribute to the overall quality and accessibility of the Gundam models.
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High-quality plastic and metal components are used for Perfect Grade models
Perfect Grade (PG) Gundam kits are some of the most intricate and complex Gunpla kits available. They are 1/60 in scale and feature high-quality plastic and metal components, intricate details, and superior craftsmanship. These kits are designed for enthusiasts seeking the ultimate Gundam modelling experience.
The PG line is known for its metal joints, enhanced plastic molding, and plastic quality, as well as features like opening hatch gimmicks and LED lighting kits. These enhancements contribute to the overall durability and aesthetics of the finished model. The plastic types commonly used in Gunpla models include Polystyrene (PS), which is relatively brittle and used for most armour parts, Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), which is less brittle and often used for the inner frame, and Polyethylene (PE) for polycaps.
The PG line offers a range of Gundam models, including the 1/60 Wing Gundam Zero Custom with Pearl Mirror Coating, the PG RX-178 Gundam Mk-II A.E.U.G., and the PG 1/60 Nu Gundam. These kits showcase the complexity and attention to detail that sets the PG line apart.
In addition to the plastic and metal components, PG kits may also incorporate LED lights to enhance the overall appearance and functionality of the model. The Gundam Evolution Project, initiated by Bandai in 2017, further pushed the boundaries of Gunpla technology with the introduction of new joint systems and LED systems for large-scale kits. This project aimed to celebrate the 40th anniversary of Gunpla in 2020 and continues to drive innovation in Gundam modelling.
The high-quality plastic and metal components used in Perfect Grade models elevate the overall building experience and the final presentation of the Gundam kits. The combination of intricate details, superior craftsmanship, and durable materials makes PG kits a sought-after choice for enthusiasts looking for a challenging and rewarding modelling endeavour.
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Frequently asked questions
HG Gundam is made of plastic.
The type of plastic used in HG Gundam can vary. Most armor parts are made of polystyrene (PS), while the inner frame is usually made of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Polyethylene (PE) is used for polycaps.
HG Gundam was first introduced in 1990, and the plastic quality has improved since then. In 2020, Bandai released a new version of the RX-78-2 Gundam with the newest innovations in plastic materials to commemorate the 40th anniversary of Mobile Suit Gundam and Gunpla.
Yes, there are different grades of HG Gundam, including the High Grade Universal Century (HGUC) line, which is the oldest and most numerous active line. Other grades include the Entry Grade, Real Grade (RG), and Perfect Grade.
The grade of your HG Gundam should be indicated on the box or in the manual. However, some kits may not have the HG label listed, such as the 1/100 scale models for Mobile Suit Gundam SEED.
