
Plastic packaging is valuable and should be recycled where possible. The technology exists to recycle all types of plastics, and recycling as much packaging as possible enhances sustainability. Many cities and towns in the US and the UK practice curbside recycling, in which recyclables are sorted into a separate bin and picked up along with the garbage. Plastic bags, however, usually can't be recycled with curbside pickup because they can be dangerous for recycling equipment. Many supermarkets collect used plastic bags for recycling. Compostable and biodegradable bags are not designed to be recycled and can cause quality issues in the recycled material. When it comes to plastic packaging, 45% of all plastic packaging used in the UK was recycled in 2016, an improvement of 15% from 2015.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Plastic packaging should be | Recycled where possible |
| Plastic packaging can be recycled into | A variety of items |
| Plastic packaging is recycled in the form of | Bottles, caps, rigid containers, bags, and film product wraps |
| Plastic bags can be recycled at | Supermarkets or recycling centers |
| Plastic bags should be | Clean and free of food |
| Plastic bags should have | Sticky labels removed |
| Plastic bags that are biodegradable or compostable | Should be placed in a home composting bin |
| Plastic packaging recycling targets are set on the basis of | Tonnes |
| Plastic packaging recycling varies from place to place | Yes |
| Plastic packaging is either recycled or sent to | Energy-from-waste plants |
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What You'll Learn

Plastic packaging recycling
Plastic packaging is valuable and should be recycled where possible. The technology exists to recycle all types of plastics, and recycling as much packaging as possible enhances sustainability. Many everyday plastics are recycled, including bottles, caps, rigid containers, bags, and film product wraps.
Recycling targets are set based on weight, and plastic is a very light material. Some councils prefer to collect heavier waste, but the number of councils offering to collect various recyclables has been increasing. In the UK, household plastic bottle recycling collection has increased by over 2,000% since 2001, and 45% of all plastic packaging used in the UK was recycled in 2016. In the US, over 2.9 billion pounds of plastic bottles were recycled in 2016, and nearly 30% of plastic bottles are recycled today.
To recycle plastic packaging, many cities and towns in the US practice curbside recycling, in which recyclables are sorted into a separate bin and picked up along with the garbage. Even if curbside recycling is not available, individuals can transport their recyclables to the nearest central recycling facility. It is important to check with local waste management companies to find out which types of plastics can be recycled, as this may vary from place to place. Most plastic packaging is either recycled or sent to energy-from-waste plants if recycling is not the best environmental option.
Some specific tips for recycling plastic packaging include:
- Plastic bags can usually be recycled, but they may need to be taken to a recycling center rather than being included in curbside pickup. Some supermarkets collect used plastic bags for recycling.
- Plastic packaging should be clean and free of food before being recycled.
- Tear off sticky labels from plastic packaging if possible.
- Check for a resin code on plastic containers, which is a number surrounded by three arrows in a triangle. Resin codes 1 and 2 are usually accepted for recycling.
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Plastic bags recycling
Plastic bags are among the most common sources of marine debris and can be extremely harmful to wildlife. They don't biodegrade, so it's important to recycle them properly to prevent them from ending up in landfills or the ocean. Most plastic bags are made from high-density polyethylene (#2 plastic), but thinner bags, like produce bags, are made from low-density polyethylene (#4 plastic).
Before recycling plastic bags, make sure they are clean and dry, removing any crumbs, receipts, or stickers. Check that they have a #2 or #4 plastic symbol on them, indicating they are recyclable. Many grocery retailers, such as Kroger, Safeway, Target, and Walmart, offer bag recycling collections in their stores, usually located near the front entrance. Keep a bag collection bin in your house, such as a large garbage bag, to collect plastic bags for recycling. Since they compact easily, you can fit 50 to 100 plastic bags in one garbage bag.
Once collected, plastic bags are typically chipped into pellets, which can be reprocessed into new bags or shipped to companies to be manufactured into plastic lumber for decking or park benches. Recycling a ton of plastic bags saves 11 barrels of oil, making it a more sustainable option. However, it's important to note that curbside recycling programs may not always accept plastic bags due to contamination risks, so check with your local program.
Additionally, consider reusing plastic bags whenever possible. For example, you can use them as trash bags or for storing items. Some companies even offer trash bags made from 100% recycled plastic, providing a more sustainable option for your garbage needs.
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Plastic bottles recycling
Plastic bottles are one of the most commonly recycled plastic products. In the US, over 2.9 billion pounds of plastic bottles were recycled in 2016, and nearly 30% of plastic bottles are recycled today. In the UK, household plastic bottle recycling collection has increased by over 2,000% since 2001, with an estimated 19.8 million plastic bottles recycled each day.
Recycling plastic bottles is important as it helps to reduce the amount of litter on our streets, waterways, and oceans. Plastic bottles can take between 450-1000 years to break down and cannot fully biodegrade, instead breaking down into microplastics that act as contaminants. Recycling plastic bottles also helps to reduce the resources used during manufacturing, as it uses less energy and water than creating new bottles.
To recycle plastic bottles, they must first be collected from a central location, then shredded with other PET products. The shredded plastic is then melted down and reformed into pellets, which act as the raw material for new plastic goods, including water bottles. This recycled material can also be used for polyester carpet fibre, t-shirts, upholstery, industrial strapping, and fibre fill for sleeping bags.
Individuals can contribute to plastic bottle recycling by ensuring their bottles are empty and rinsed before recycling, as leftover food or liquid can contaminate other recyclables. It is also important to replace lids and tops, and squash bottles to save space. Some plastic beverage bottles can be recycled by returning them to a grocer, with some offering a deposit refund.
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Plastic waste reduction
Recycling
Recycling plastic packaging is an effective way to reduce waste. Most plastic packaging can be recycled, including bottles, caps, rigid containers, bags, and film product wraps. Many communities have curbside recycling programs that accept plastic bottles, and some also collect other types of plastic packaging. It is important to check with local waste management companies to understand their specific practices and accepted materials. Additionally, plastic bags can be returned to supermarkets for recycling, and compostable or biodegradable bags should be placed in home composting bins.
Reuse and Reduce
Extending the life of plastic products is another way to reduce waste. Reusable containers can be brought to restaurants for leftovers or take-out orders, reducing the need for single-use containers. Additionally, individuals can advocate for retailers and restaurants to adopt more sustainable packaging practices, such as using recyclable or compostable materials.
Proper Waste Management
Proper waste management is crucial for effective plastic recycling. It is important to ensure that recyclables are clean and free of food contamination, as food residue can hinder the recycling process. Checking resin codes on plastic containers and confirming accepted materials with waste management companies helps streamline the recycling process.
Corporate Initiatives
Large corporations play a significant role in plastic waste reduction. Supporting companies with sustainable packaging initiatives and ambitious recycling goals contributes to a circular economy for plastic. For example, Amazon has reduced its packaging waste by 16% through sustainable initiatives, while multinational companies like PepsiCo, Coca-Cola, and Walmart have committed to increasing the use of recycled plastic in their packaging.
Policy and Infrastructure
Government policies and infrastructure improvements are vital to enhancing plastic recycling rates. Wales, for instance, has achieved exceptional recycling rates through a "carrot and stick" system, providing incentives and funding to encourage councils to adopt a consistent collection system. Such initiatives have led to significant progress in recycling performance.
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Plastic reuse
Plastic packaging can be reused and recycled into a variety of items. Recycling plastic packaging further enhances its sustainability. Many everyday plastics are recycled, including plastic bottles, caps, rigid containers, bags, and film product wraps.
Recycling practices vary from place to place, but most community curbside programs recycle plastic bottles, and many now recycle other types of plastic packaging. In the US, over 2.9 billion pounds of plastic bottles were recycled in 2016, and nearly 30% of plastic bottles are recycled today. Recycling of non-bottle plastic containers (such as dairy tubs, deli containers, and lids) reached nearly 1.5 billion pounds in 2016, a significant improvement from 2007.
In the UK, recycling rates have been steadily improving, with household plastic bottle recycling collection increasing by over 2000% since 2001. Councils are obliged to provide domestic collection from the kerbside, and Wales has achieved an exceptional recycling rate through a combination of targets and funding for local authorities.
To reuse and recycle plastic packaging, it is important to separate and clean the materials. Plastic bags, for example, should be used until they break and then taken to a recycling center, as they can be dangerous for curbside recycling equipment. Compostable and biodegradable bags should not be recycled but can be placed in a home composting bin if available. It is also recommended to tear off sticky labels and check with local waste management companies to find out which types of plastics can be recycled.
Some companies have also implemented sustainable packaging initiatives. For example, Amazon has developed a fully recyclable padded-paper envelope mailer to replace plastic-bubble envelopes, and companies like PepsiCo, Coca-Cola, and Walmart have set ambitious recycling goals under the New Plastics Economy Global Commitment.
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Frequently asked questions
Plastic packaging should be recycled where possible. Many towns and cities offer curbside recycling, where you can put your plastic packaging in a separate bin to be picked up along with your garbage. If you're unsure what materials are accepted, contact your local waste management company.
Most plastic packaging can be recycled, including bottles, caps, rigid containers, bags, and film product wraps. However, it's important to check with your local waste management company, as different areas may have different acceptance criteria. For example, some cities allow envelopes with clear plastic address windows to be recycled, while others do not.
Plastic bags cannot usually be recycled with curbside pickup because they can be dangerous for recycling equipment. You can reuse them until they break, and then take them to a recycling center or a supermarket that collects used plastic bags for recycling.











































