Omar Khalid
Gundam models, commonly known as Gunpla (a portmanteau of Gundam and plastic), are primarily made from high-quality, durable ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) plastic. This material is favored for its strength, flexibility, and ease of molding, making it ideal for the intricate details and articulated joints characteristic of Gundam kits. ABS plastic also allows for a wide range of finishes, from matte to glossy, and can be easily painted or customized by enthusiasts. Additionally, some parts, such as weapons or small components, may be made from softer materials like PE (Polyethylene) or PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) to enhance flexibility or reduce breakage. The choice of ABS ensures that Gundam models are both sturdy and detailed, catering to both beginners and experienced builders in the hobby.
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What You'll Learn
- Polystyrene (PS): Most common material, lightweight, easy to paint, ideal for detailed Gundam kits
- ABS Plastic: Durable, flexible, used for movable parts like joints and weapons
- Polypropylene (PP): Rubber-like texture, often for soft parts like tires or cables
- PVC (Vinyl): Occasionally used for flexible parts, less common in modern kits
- Pre-Colored Plastics: Eliminates need for painting, enhances realism straight out of the box
Polystyrene (PS): Most common material, lightweight, easy to paint, ideal for detailed Gundam kits
Polystyrene (PS) is the backbone of the Gundam modeling world, and for good reason. This thermoplastic polymer dominates the market due to its unique combination of properties that cater perfectly to the needs of both novice and experienced builders. Its lightweight nature makes it easy to handle during assembly, reducing the risk of breakage, especially for intricate parts like the iconic Gundam antennas or delicate limb joints. This is particularly beneficial for younger builders, typically aged 10 and above, who are just starting their journey into the world of Gunpla (Gundam plastic models).
Imagine trying to assemble a 1/144 scale Gundam with heavy, cumbersome parts – the frustration would be palpable.
The ease of painting PS is another major advantage. Its smooth surface readily accepts various types of paint, from acrylics to enamels, allowing builders to customize their models with vibrant colors and intricate details. This is crucial for achieving the iconic, anime-accurate look that Gundam fans strive for. A simple base coat followed by panel lining and weathering techniques can transform a basic kit into a stunning display piece.
For best results, prime the model with a suitable plastic primer before applying your chosen paint, ensuring better adhesion and a smoother finish.
The true magic of PS lies in its ability to capture the intricate details that make Gundam models so captivating. The molding process allows for incredibly fine lines, sharp edges, and complex textures, faithfully replicating the designs from the anime series. From the intricate panel lines on a Zaku's armor to the delicate vents on a Gundam's backpack, PS ensures every detail is crisp and defined. This level of detail is what sets Gundam models apart from other plastic kits, making them a favorite among hobbyists who appreciate precision and accuracy.
While PS is the most common material, it's not without its limitations. It can be brittle, especially when subjected to stress or extreme temperatures. Builders should avoid forcing parts together and handle their models with care, especially during the painting and weathering stages. Additionally, PS is susceptible to yellowing over time when exposed to sunlight, so displaying your completed Gundam in a UV-protected case is highly recommended.
Despite these minor drawbacks, polystyrene remains the material of choice for Gundam models, offering a perfect balance of affordability, ease of use, and the ability to bring the iconic mobile suits to life in stunning detail.
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ABS Plastic: Durable, flexible, used for movable parts like joints and weapons
ABS plastic, short for Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, is the unsung hero behind the durability and flexibility of Gundam model kits. Its unique composition combines the strength of acrylonitrile and styrene with the rubbery resilience of butadiene, creating a material that can withstand repeated assembly and disassembly without cracking or warping. This makes ABS ideal for the movable parts of Gundam models, such as joints and weapon attachments, where both rigidity and flexibility are essential. For model builders, understanding ABS’s properties ensures you can handle these components with confidence, knowing they’re designed to endure the stress of posing and customization.
When working with ABS parts, consider the practical advantages it offers. Unlike brittle plastics, ABS can bend slightly under pressure, reducing the risk of breakage during assembly. This is particularly useful for intricate joints or weapons that require precise positioning. However, caution is advised when applying heat for modifications, as ABS softens at temperatures around 212°F (100°C). Use a hairdryer or heat gun sparingly to avoid deforming the part. For younger builders (ages 12 and up), adult supervision is recommended when heat is involved, ensuring safety while exploring advanced customization techniques.
Comparatively, ABS stands out against other plastics like PVC or polystyrene, which are often used for static or less durable components. While PVC is cheaper and more rigid, it lacks the flexibility needed for movable parts. Polystyrene, though lightweight, is prone to cracking under stress. ABS strikes a balance, offering both strength and adaptability, which is why it’s the go-to choice for Gundam’s dynamic elements. This distinction is crucial for builders deciding which parts to prioritize during assembly or repair.
To maximize the lifespan of ABS components, follow these maintenance tips. Avoid exposing them to direct sunlight or extreme temperatures, as prolonged heat can cause brittleness over time. When storing your Gundam model, keep it in a cool, dry place to prevent warping. For cleaning, use mild soap and water, avoiding harsh chemicals that could degrade the plastic. If a joint becomes stiff, a small application of plastic-safe lubricant can restore smooth movement without damaging the material.
In conclusion, ABS plastic is the backbone of Gundam model functionality, providing the durability and flexibility needed for movable parts. By understanding its properties and handling it with care, builders can ensure their models remain poseable and intact for years. Whether you’re a novice or an experienced hobbyist, appreciating ABS’s role in your kit will elevate your building and customization experience.
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Polypropylene (PP): Rubber-like texture, often for soft parts like tires or cables
Polypropylene (PP) stands out in the world of Gundam model kits for its unique rubber-like texture, making it ideal for parts that require flexibility and durability. Unlike rigid plastics like ABS, which dominate the structural components of Gundam models, PP is specifically chosen for soft, pliable elements such as tires, cables, and joint covers. This material choice ensures that these parts can bend, twist, and compress without breaking, enhancing both the functionality and realism of the model. For builders, recognizing PP components is straightforward: they are often slightly matte, less rigid, and can be gently deformed by hand.
When working with PP parts in a Gundam kit, it’s essential to handle them with care, especially during assembly. While their flexibility is a strength, it also means they can be more prone to damage if forced into place. Use a light touch when attaching PP tires to wheel assemblies or threading PP cables through narrow channels. If a part becomes warped or misshapen, a quick dip in hot (not boiling) water can restore its original form. Allow it to cool while holding it in the correct position for best results. This technique is particularly useful for tires that may flatten during storage or shipping.
One of the most practical applications of PP in Gundam models is its use in joint covers and rubberized connectors. These parts not only improve the aesthetic appeal by hiding seams and mechanisms but also protect the model’s internal structure during posing. For example, PP joint covers on a Gundam’s elbows or knees allow for smoother articulation while preventing stress on the harder plastic joints. When painting PP parts, note that they require a specific primer designed for low-surface-energy plastics to ensure paint adhesion. Avoid using strong solvents, as they can degrade the material’s flexibility.
Comparing PP to other plastics in Gundam kits highlights its niche role. While ABS provides the backbone of the model with its strength and precision, and PVC offers clarity for parts like canopies, PP fills the gap for components that need to mimic real-world rubber or plastic. Its cost-effectiveness and ease of molding make it a go-to choice for manufacturers, though it’s rarely used for large or load-bearing parts. For builders, understanding PP’s properties allows for better customization—swapping out stock PP tires for third-party upgrades, for instance, or using PP tubing to create custom cable assemblies.
In conclusion, polypropylene’s rubber-like texture and flexibility make it an indispensable material for specific Gundam model components. By understanding its strengths and limitations, builders can maximize its potential, ensuring their models are both functional and visually accurate. Whether you’re a novice or an experienced modeller, recognizing and working with PP parts effectively will elevate the quality and realism of your Gundam builds.
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PVC (Vinyl): Occasionally used for flexible parts, less common in modern kits
PVC, or polyvinyl chloride, is a plastic that has seen occasional use in Gundam model kits, particularly for parts requiring flexibility. Its ability to bend without breaking made it ideal for components like hoses, cables, and joint covers, where rigidity would hinder poseability or realism. However, its presence in modern kits has significantly diminished, largely due to advancements in alternative materials and shifting consumer expectations.
PVC's decline in Gundam kits can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, its durability is questionable; over time, PVC can become brittle, leading to cracks or breaks, especially in frequently manipulated parts. Secondly, its surface finish often lacks the smoothness and detail achievable with other plastics, impacting the overall aesthetic appeal of the model. Lastly, environmental concerns surrounding PVC production and disposal have prompted manufacturers to explore more sustainable alternatives.
Despite its reduced prevalence, understanding PVC's role in Gundam kits offers valuable insights into the evolution of model-making materials. Early kits often incorporated PVC for its flexibility, but as technology advanced, manufacturers developed new plastics that combined flexibility with improved durability and detail. This shift reflects the industry's commitment to enhancing the building experience and the longevity of the finished product.
For those encountering PVC parts in older kits, handling them with care is crucial. Avoid excessive force when posing or manipulating these components, as they may be more prone to damage. Additionally, storing PVC parts away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures can help prevent premature degradation. While PVC may no longer be a primary material in Gundam kits, its historical use serves as a reminder of the ongoing pursuit of innovation and quality in the hobby.
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Pre-Colored Plastics: Eliminates need for painting, enhances realism straight out of the box
Gundam models, often referred to as Gunpla, are primarily made from polystyrene, a versatile and durable plastic that allows for intricate detailing and easy assembly. However, one of the most significant advancements in Gunpla design is the use of pre-colored plastics, which revolutionize the building experience by eliminating the need for painting while enhancing realism straight out of the box. This innovation caters to both novice builders and seasoned enthusiasts, offering a seamless transition from kit to display piece.
From an analytical perspective, pre-colored plastics are a game-changer for the Gunpla community. Traditionally, builders had to invest time and effort into painting their models to achieve accurate color schemes and details. With pre-colored plastics, manufacturers mold each part in the exact color specified by the Gundam’s design, ensuring consistency and accuracy. This not only saves time but also reduces the barrier to entry for newcomers who may lack painting skills or tools. For example, the RG (Real Grade) and HG (High Grade) series often feature pre-colored parts that mimic metallic finishes, panel lines, and even weathering effects, all without the need for additional work.
For those looking to instruct others on maximizing the potential of pre-colored plastics, here’s a practical tip: while these kits are designed to look great unpainted, applying a top coat can enhance their appearance further. A matte or gloss finish can protect the plastic, deepen the colors, and add a professional sheen. Additionally, using panel lining techniques with dark washes can accentuate details, making the model look even more realistic. These steps are optional but can elevate the out-of-the-box experience for builders seeking extra refinement.
From a comparative standpoint, pre-colored plastics stand out when contrasted with traditional kits that require painting. While painting allows for customization and personal flair, it demands skill, patience, and additional supplies. Pre-colored kits, on the other hand, offer a plug-and-play experience, making them ideal for builders who prioritize convenience and speed. For instance, Bandai’s Entry Grade line is specifically designed for younger or less experienced builders, featuring pre-colored parts that snap together without glue, ensuring a hassle-free build.
Finally, descriptively, the realism achieved through pre-colored plastics is nothing short of impressive. Modern Gunpla kits often include multiple shades of plastic within a single runner, allowing for complex color schemes without the need for swapping paints. The PG (Perfect Grade) series, for example, uses pre-colored plastics to replicate the intricate details of a Gundam’s armor, internal frame, and even decals, resulting in a model that looks ready for display the moment it’s assembled. This level of detail not only enhances the visual appeal but also reinforces the immersive experience of building a Gundam model.
In conclusion, pre-colored plastics have transformed the Gunpla hobby by streamlining the building process and elevating the out-of-the-box realism of Gundam models. Whether you’re a beginner or a seasoned builder, these kits offer a convenient, high-quality alternative to traditional painting, making the joy of Gundam modeling accessible to all.
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Frequently asked questions
Gundam models are primarily made out of polystyrene (PS), a durable and lightweight thermoplastic.
Yes, most Gundam model kits are made from polystyrene, though some parts may use ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) for flexibility or durability.
While polystyrene is the standard, some aftermarket parts or third-party kits may use resin or PVC for specific components.
Polystyrene is used because it is easy to mold, affordable, and holds fine details well, making it ideal for intricate model kits.
No, polystyrene is not biodegradable, but it can be recycled in areas with appropriate recycling facilities for plastic #6.
