
Bisphenol-A, or BPA, is an industrial chemical used in the production of plastics and resins. It is often found in polycarbonate plastics, which are hard, clear, and unbreakable. While BPA has been phased out of most plastic manufacturing, it can still be found in some household items, including food and drink containers. To identify if a plastic container contains BPA, you can look for a resin identification code, usually a number inside an arrow-shaped triangle. Codes 3 (PVC) and 7 (OTHER) may contain BPA, while codes 1 (PET), 2 (HDPE), 4 (LDPE), and 5 (PP) are generally considered BPA-free. It is important to note that even BPA-free products may contain other chemicals with similar health hazards, such as BPS.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Plastic Containers with BPA | Numbered 3, 7 |
| Plastic Containers without BPA | Numbered 1, 2, 4, 5 |
| Types of Containers with BPA | Water bottles, baby bottles, food containers, epoxy linings for cans, bottle tops, water supply pipes |
| Types of Containers without BPA | Glass, stainless steel, cardboard brick-shaped cartons (juice boxes) |
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What You'll Learn
- Plastic containers with recycling codes 1, 2, or 5 are BPA-free
- Plastic containers with recycling codes 3 or 7 may contain BPA
- Polycarbonate plastics are hard, clear plastics that contain BPA
- Food containers, beverage bottles, and fabrics are made from PET (recycling code 1) and are BPA-free
- LDPE (recycling code 4) is used for shrink wrap, plastic bags, and some containers; it is typically BPA-free

Plastic containers with recycling codes 1, 2, or 5 are BPA-free
Plastic containers with recycling codes 1, 2, or 5 are generally considered BPA-free. This is good news for consumers who want to reduce their exposure to BPA, a chemical that has been linked to potential health risks.
BPA, or Bisphenol A, is an industrial chemical that has been used in plastic manufacturing since the 1960s. It is often found in polycarbonate plastics, which are hard, clear, and unbreakable. These plastics have been commonly used for food and drink containers, such as water bottles, baby bottles, and food storage containers. However, due to growing concerns about the potential health effects of BPA, many companies have started promoting BPA-free products, and BPA has been phased out of most plastic manufacturing.
So, what do the recycling codes mean? The recycling codes, also known as resin identification codes, are numbers found inside a triangle on plastic products. Each code represents a different type of plastic with specific characteristics. Recycling code 1 stands for PET or polyethylene terephthalate, which is commonly used for food containers, beverage bottles, and fabrics. It is considered safe and BPA-free. Recycling code 2 represents HDPE or High-Density Polyethylene, which is used for items like milk, detergent, and home cleaning containers. Like PET, HDPE is also known for its chemical resistance and durability, making it a safe and BPA-free option.
Recycling code 5, on the other hand, represents polypropylene or PP. This type of plastic is often used in packaging, pharmaceutical bottles, and food containers. It is heat-resistant and adaptable, making it a versatile and BPA-free choice for various applications. By choosing plastic containers with these recycling codes, consumers can be confident that they are reducing their exposure to BPA.
It is important to note that while recycling codes 1, 2, and 5 are generally considered BPA-free, other chemicals or compounds may be present in these plastics. Some "BPA-free" products may contain alternative chemicals, such as BPS, which could potentially pose similar health hazards. Therefore, it is always advisable to consult peer-reviewed research and stay informed about the latest developments regarding the safety of different types of plastics.
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Plastic containers with recycling codes 3 or 7 may contain BPA
BPA, or Bisphenol A, is an industrial chemical that has been used to make certain plastics and resins since the 1960s. It is often found in polycarbonate plastics, which are hard, clear (or clear-tinted), and unbreakable. These plastics have been used to create products like reusable water bottles, food storage containers, drinking glasses, pitchers, baby bottles, and sippy cups.
While BPA exposure at low levels is considered safe by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), there are concerns about its potential health effects. These include possible impacts on the brain and the prostate gland of fetuses, infants, and children, as well as potentially increased blood pressure.
To identify if a plastic container contains BPA, you can look for the resin identification code or recycling symbol, usually found at the bottom of the object. Plastic containers with the codes 3 (polyvinyl chloride or PVC) and 7 (other, mixed plastics) are more likely to contain BPA. However, not all plastics with a "7" designation contain BPA, as this category includes a diverse range of materials.
It is important to note that many manufacturers now use "BPA-free" labels on their products, and BPA has been phased out of most plastic manufacturing. Safer alternatives for food containers include glass, ceramic, stainless steel, and cardboard brick-shaped cartons.
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Polycarbonate plastics are hard, clear plastics that contain BPA
Polycarbonate plastics are hard, clear, and unbreakable plastics that contain BPA. They have been used since the 1960s to make products like reusable water bottles, food storage containers, drinking glasses, pitchers, baby bottles, and sippy cups. Polycarbonate is the only thermoplastic made using BPA, accounting for about 1% of all plastics.
Polycarbonate plastics are often marked with a recycling number 7, but they are not the only plastic labelled with this number. To identify if a plastic product contains BPA, you can look for labels indicating that the container is unbreakable, microwave-safe, or hand-wash only. If a product has a hand-wash only label, it is likely made of acrylic and is BPA-free.
BPA exposure is believed to potentially affect the brain and the prostate gland of fetuses, infants, and children, and it might increase blood pressure. Studies have shown that using polycarbonate drinking bottles can lead to increased urinary BPA concentrations. However, it is important to note that not all polycarbonate plastics contain BPA, and the potential exposure to BPA from these plastics is limited.
To avoid BPA exposure, it is recommended to use alternative materials like glass, stainless steel, or BPA-free plastic products. It is also advised to avoid placing hot foods in plastic containers, as heat can cause the plastic to degrade and release chemicals. Additionally, avoiding the use of dishwashers or high temperatures when washing plastic containers can help reduce the risk of chemical leaching.
While the presence of BPA in polycarbonate plastics has raised concerns, it is important to stay informed about the facts and not fall prey to scare tactics. Some alternative chemicals to BPA, such as BPS, BPF, and BPZ, can also be harmful, so it is advisable to look for safer alternatives like TMBPF.
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Food containers, beverage bottles, and fabrics are made from PET (recycling code 1) and are BPA-free
Polyethylene terephthalate, or PET, is a type of plastic that is often used to make food containers, beverage bottles, and fabrics. It is identified by the recycling code "1" and is known to be safe and free of Bisphenol A (BPA).
BPA is a chemical compound that has been linked to potential health risks, particularly for fetuses, infants, and children. It is an endocrine disruptor that can interfere with the normal functioning of hormones in the body. Due to these concerns, many consumers seek out BPA-free products, and manufacturers often label their products as such.
One way to identify if a plastic product is BPA-free is by looking at the recycling codes or resin identification numbers, usually found inside a triangle on the underside of the product. PET, with its recycling code of "1", is one of the plastics that does not contain BPA. Other BPA-free plastics include High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), with a recycling code of "2", and Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE), with a code of "4". These plastics are commonly used for items like milk jugs, detergent containers, plastic bags, and food storage.
It is important to note that while PET is considered safe and BPA-free, some individuals still prefer to use alternative materials for food storage, such as glass or stainless steel. This is because even BPA-free plastics may contain other chemicals or compounds that could potentially leach into food or beverages over time.
Overall, when it comes to food containers, beverage bottles, and fabrics made from PET (recycling code 1), consumers can be assured that these products are BPA-free. However, it is always a good idea to stay informed about the latest research and recommendations regarding the safety of different types of plastics and their potential impact on human health and the environment.
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LDPE (recycling code 4) is used for shrink wrap, plastic bags, and some containers; it is typically BPA-free
LDPE, or Low-Density Polyethylene, is a thermoplastic polymer made from the monomer ethylene. It is a soft, flexible, and stretchy plastic that is commonly used in both flexible and semi-rigid packaging. It is identified by the #4 resin identification code and is typically used for shrink wrap, plastic bags, and some containers.
LDPE is known for its ability to bend without breaking and can be made in a variety of colours, from cloudy and semi-translucent to opaque and transparent. It performs well within a wide temperature range, from -100°F to 150°F, making it suitable for a wide range of products.
One of the benefits of LDPE is that it is typically BPA-free. Bisphenol-A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor that is prevalent in a vast number of widely used products, including plastic food and beverage containers. Heat, repeated washing, acidity, and alkalinity can cause BPA to leach from plastics into our food and drinks, potentially affecting human health.
As LDPE is BPA-free, it does not leach harmful chemicals like some other plastics, making it a safer option for food packaging and storage. It is also recyclable under the #4 code, although acceptance may vary depending on the local facility. LDPE is food-safe and suitable for products such as bread bags, six-pack rings, produce bags, and food storage boxes.
However, it is important to note that while LDPE is BPA-free, it may still have its limitations. For example, LDPE is semi-porous, making it less effective at keeping gases in or out. This characteristic may limit its use in certain applications, such as products that evaporate easily or require a strong barrier against oxygen.
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Frequently asked questions
Each plastic object has a resin identification code, often called the recycling symbol, printed on it. This code indicates the type of plastic and provides information on its composition and the possibility of BPA presence. Plastics with the code "3" (polyvinyl chloride, or PVC) and "7" (other, frequently mixed plastics) are frequently found to contain BPA. However, not all plastics with a "7" designation contain BPA.
Plastic containers labelled with a 1, 2, 4, or 5 are considered BPA-free. Code 1 stands for PET (polyethylene terephthalate), which is used for food containers, beverage bottles, and some fabrics. Code 2 stands for HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene), which is used for milk, detergent, and home cleaning containers. Code 4 stands for LDPE (Low-Density Polyethylene), used for shrink wrap, plastic bags, and some food containers. Code 5 stands for PP (polypropylene), which is used for packaging, pharmaceutical bottles, and food containers.
Glass, ceramic, and stainless steel containers are recommended as safer alternatives to plastic containers that may contain BPA. Brick-shaped cardboard cartons, such as juice boxes, made by certain manufacturers like Tetra Pak or SIG Combibloc, also do not contain BPA.








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