Alexei Volkov
Plastic and cement are two materials that don't usually go together, but there are several ways to attach them. One way is to use epoxy glue, which is thick and strongly cohesive, meaning you can build up the glue to hold the plastic in place. Another method is to use liquid cement, which melts the two parts together to become one. When using liquid cement, it's important to note that some types of cement can instantly weld parts together, making adjustments difficult. Therefore, it's crucial to choose the right type of cement or glue and follow the instructions carefully. Additionally, preparing the work area is essential, as plastic cement dries up quickly and can ruin the workspace.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Type of glue | Epoxy, poly cement, plastic glue, cyanoacrylate, liquid cement, solvent cement, acrylic cement |
| Plastic type | Recycling symbol with a number in the middle: 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 |
| Surface preparation | Clean with soap and water, scrape off paint, sand to make surfaces rough |
| Application tools | Brush, needle, applicator bottle, toothpick or bamboo skewer |
| Clamping alternatives | Tape, rubber bands, masking tape, tweezers, helping hands |
| Drying time | 24 hours, instant welds, cool open-time, warm open-time, hot open-time |
| Work area preparation | Spread a plastic sheet or tarp to avoid damage from quick-drying cement |
| Mixing process | Mix cement, sand, crushed stone/aggregate, and water in a ratio of 1:2:3, gradually adding water |
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What You'll Learn
Choose the right glue for the plastic
When gluing plastic together, it is important to select the right glue to ensure a strong bond. The first step is to identify the type of plastic you are working with. Look for the recycling symbol on the plastic, which will have a number in the middle.
If the number is 6, use a poly cement or epoxy. Poly cement is a type of adhesive that chemically welds two plastic surfaces together. It is important to note that not all plastics are suitable for welding with poly cement, and it should not be used on polycarbonate or ABS plastics. Epoxy, on the other hand, is a two-part adhesive that requires mixing two ingredients to activate. Epoxy is suitable for a wide range of plastics and can provide a strong bond.
For plastics with the recycling symbol 2, 4, or 5, use a plastic glue, such as Loctite Plastics Bonding System or Scotch Weld DP 1080. These glues are specifically designed for bonding common types of plastic, such as polyethylene and polypropylene.
If the number is 7 or 9, use an epoxy or cyanoacrylate. Cyanoacrylate, also known as super glue, is a strong and fast-acting adhesive that can bond a variety of materials, including plastic.
In some cases, you may be working with plastic pipes or specific model kits. For plastic pipes, there are specialised glues available that are designed to create a watertight seal and bond the specific type of plastic used in plumbing. For model kits, liquid cement is often used. This type of cement melts the two plastic parts together, creating a strong and seamless bond.
It is important to note that choosing the wrong combination of glue and plastic can result in a weak bond or, in rare cases, damage to the object. Always read the instructions on the adhesive container and follow any safety precautions. Additionally, prepare your work area by ensuring adequate ventilation when working with adhesives.
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Prepare the plastic surface
To prepare the plastic surface for cementing, start by identifying the recycling symbol on the plastic, which will have a number in the middle. This will help you choose the right type of glue or cement for your project. For example, if the number is a 6, use a poly cement or epoxy, while for numbers 2, 4, or 5, a plastic glue is recommended.
Once you've identified the appropriate adhesive, clean the plastic surfaces with soap and water to remove any dirt, grease, or other contaminants that may interfere with the bonding process. Dry the surfaces thoroughly before proceeding to the next step.
Next, use sandpaper to roughen the plastic surfaces. This step is crucial as it creates a textured surface that the adhesive can grip onto, resulting in a stronger bond. Pay particular attention to the areas where the cement will be applied and ensure that the surfaces are evenly sanded.
If you are working with plastic models or kits, it is essential to perform a dry fit test before applying any adhesive. Place the interior pieces within one half of the model and ensure they fit properly. Then, fit the other half over them to guarantee a good alignment, making any necessary adjustments. This step ensures that the parts will align correctly once the adhesive is applied.
Additionally, scrape off any paint or coatings from the areas where the plastic pieces will join. This step ensures a clean plastic-to-plastic bond, promoting better adhesion and a stronger final product.
Finally, gather all the necessary tools and materials, including the adhesive, brushes, clamps or tape for securing the pieces, and protective gear such as gloves and eye protection. Working in a well-ventilated area is also recommended when using adhesives and cements.
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Apply glue swiftly and carefully
When applying glue to plastic, it is important to work swiftly and carefully. The glue needs to be applied evenly to both surfaces that will be attached. You can use a small brush to apply the glue, or if the pieces are very small, use the tip of a needle. Work in a sequence, gluing each piece individually and holding it in place until it dries.
If you are using a solvent cement, you should first clamp the pieces together, then use an applicator bottle to put a thin line of solvent cement along the edge between the pieces. This type of cement is visible, so it is best used in concealed locations. You can also use liquid cement, which melts the two plastic parts together. Different types of liquid cement have different viscosities, so choose one that is suitable for your project. Apply the liquid cement sparingly but sufficiently to hold the parts in place.
If you are using a two-part epoxy, make sure to read the instructions carefully as you will need to mix the two ingredients in the correct ratio. Some epoxies can be used for several hours after mixing, while others need to be applied within a few minutes. Apply the glue swiftly and generously, working quickly so that you can attach the pieces before the epoxy sets.
It is important to prepare your work area before you start gluing. Plastic cement dries very quickly and can ruin your workspace. Spread out a plastic sheet or tarp to protect your work surface. Gather all the tools and materials you will need, including the glue, a brush or needle, and something to hold the pieces together such as tape or rubber bands.
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Hold the pieces together
Holding the pieces together is a crucial step in ensuring a strong bond when using cement or glue to join plastic. Here are some detailed instructions on how to do this without clamps:
Firstly, it is important to note that different adhesives have varying working times and curing periods. Some glues can be used for several hours after mixing, while others require application within a few minutes. Instant welds, a type of aggressive plastic cement, harden very quickly, making adjustments difficult. Therefore, it is essential to work swiftly and carefully.
When using a solvent cement, apply a thin line of the cement along the edge between the pieces. Press the pieces together lightly, ensuring they are firmly in place and removing any air bubbles. Avoid pushing too hard, as this may cause the adhesive to ooze out. If this happens, wipe away the excess, unless you are using an acrylic cement, which should be left to evaporate.
If you are using a two-part epoxy, mix the ingredients according to the instructions on the container, as different types of epoxy require specific ratios. Apply the glue to both surfaces using a small brush or needle tip for tiny pieces. Secure the pieces together, ensuring they are properly aligned. You can use masking tape or rubber bands to hold the pieces in place until the glue dries.
For complex assemblies, such as model kits, dry fit the pieces first to ensure a good fit. Identify the contact points and scrape off any paint to ensure a clean plastic-to-plastic bond. Apply the liquid cement with a brush, working in a sequence and holding each piece in place until it dries.
When attaching plastic to cement or concrete, use an epoxy glue. Trace an outline of the plastic object on the cement, then apply the glue generously inside this outline. Quickly fix the plastic piece in place, holding it firmly until the epoxy sets up. Do not disturb the joint until the epoxy has fully cured according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
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Let the glue dry
When gluing plastic together, it is important to let the glue dry for a sufficient amount of time. The glue drying time can vary depending on the type and brand of adhesive used. Some glues may take only a few minutes to dry, while others can take up to 24 hours or even longer for a full cure. For example, Loctite Plastic Bonder takes less than half an hour to set and about 24 hours to fully cure.
During the drying process, it is crucial to keep the glued pieces firmly in place. This can be done using clamps, vises, masking tape, rubber bands, or elastic bands. These tools help to hold the pieces together while the glue dries, ensuring that the bond is strong and secure. It is also important to avoid touching the plastic with bare hands to minimize oil residue and to avoid applying stress or heat to the glued piece for at least 24 hours after gluing, even if the bond seems strong.
The type of plastic cement used can also affect the drying process. Some plastic cements, such as instant welds, harden very quickly and may make adjustments difficult. Other types of plastic cement, like slow welds, allow for a longer work time and the ability to manipulate or adjust the bonded parts. Resin-reinforced plastic cements also have a longer open time and provide additional strength to the bonded parts.
Additionally, the environmental conditions can impact the drying process. The temperature, humidity, and airflow in the workspace can affect how long the glue takes to dry. In some cases, the atmospheric conditions may also influence the open time of the plastic cement, which is the period when the cement is workable until it hardens.
By following the specific instructions for the chosen adhesive, allowing adequate drying time, and considering the type of plastic cement and environmental factors, you can ensure that the glued plastic pieces will have a strong and lasting bond.
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Frequently asked questions
Find the recycling symbol on the plastic, which will have a number in the middle. If it’s a 6, use a poly cement or epoxy. For 2, 4, or 5, use plastic glue. If the number is a 7 or 9, use an epoxy or cyanoacrylate.
First, clean the plastic with soap and water, and use sandpaper to make the surfaces rough. Then, apply glue to both surfaces. Press the pieces lightly together to get them in place and remove air bubbles. Keep the pieces firmly in place using tape or rubber bands.
Liquid cement melts the two parts together to become one. Apply the cement using a brush, ensuring it reaches into the seams for a secure bond. Work in a sequence, gluing each piece individually and holding it in place until it dries.
