Alexei Volkov
Measuring for plastic windows is a simple DIY task, but it's important to take your time to get it right. You'll need accurate measurements to ensure a proper fit. The basic anatomy of a window remains the same, but window styles vary, so it's important to know the different parts of a window and how to measure them. The three most important measurements to remember are the width, height, and depth of the window. Certain products also need to be measured differently, so be sure to follow product-specific instructions for the most accurate dimensions.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| What to measure | Width and height of the window |
| Parts of the window | Sash (moveable or fixed part holding the glass), head (top part of the frame), sill (bottom part of the frame), jambs (vertical pieces on either side of the frame) |
| Where to start measuring | Measure from the surface of the jambs, not the trim strips or parting beads |
| Width measurement | Measure the window width from the inside jamb on the left and right sides in three places: the bottom, middle, and top. Record the shortest measurement as the window opening width. |
| Height measurement | Make three measurements: one at the left, one at the center, and one at the right side of the window. Use the smallest of these three height measurements to order the window. |
| Depth measurement | Usually not required for replacement windows, but there must be at least 3 1/4 inches of opening depth for the replacement window to fit |
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What You'll Learn
Measuring the width
Identify the Parts of the Window
First, familiarize yourself with the different parts of the window. The jambs are the vertical pieces on either side of the window frame that touch the sides of the sash. The sash is the movable or fixed part of the window that holds the glass. The sill is the bottom part of the frame that touches the bottom of the sash, and the head is the top part of the frame that touches the top of the sash. The trim is the decorative dressing around the window and is not considered part of the actual window.
Prepare the Window
Before taking any measurements, ensure the window is level and plumb. Plumb refers to the vertical straightness of the window, while level refers to the horizontal straightness. Make sure the window is square, with 90-degree corners.
Measure the Width
Now, you can begin measuring the width. Extend your tape measure horizontally and place it between the inside jambs on the left and right sides of the window. Measure at three points: the bottom, middle, and top of the window opening. Do not include any trim or parting beads in these measurements. Make sure to close the window before taking the measurements. Record the shortest of these three measurements as the window opening width.
Additional Tips
- It is best to measure each window individually, as window sizes can vary.
- When ordering windows, provide only the opening size. The manufacturer will make the necessary deductions.
- If you have a sliding window, measure the width from trim to trim at the centre.
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Measuring the height
To start, you will need to determine whether the existing window frame is square, level, and plumb. Standard window sizes vary, but replacements are square, with 90-degree corners, so your measurements must be precise. Plumb measures the vertical straightness of the window, or whether it tilts forward or backward in the frame. Level measures horizontal straightness.
When measuring the height, it is best practice to measure each window individually. Measure the height of the window at three points: the left side, the centre, and the right side. Make sure to extend your tape measure vertically from the sill to the inside of the trim at the top of the window frame. Do not include any trim or parting strips in your measurements, as these will be removed for replacement window installation.
Record all three height measurements, and use the smallest of the three when ordering your window.
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Measuring the jamb depth
- Tools Required: You will need specific tools for accurate measurement: a tape measure to determine the distance from the wall surface to the window frame, and a level to ensure that the window frame is plumb and correctly aligned.
- Measure from the Wall Surface: Extend the tape measure from the interior wall surface (drywall or plaster) to the inside edge of the window frame. Imagine measuring how "deep" the window frame is set back into the wall.
- Take Multiple Measurements: Take measurements at multiple points along the side jamb—top, middle, and bottom. This accounts for any irregularities or slight variations in the wall or frame.
- Check for Level: Use a level to verify that the window frame is properly aligned. Misalignment can affect the accuracy of the jamb depth measurement and the overall performance of the window.
- Fine-tune the Jamb Depth: If adjustments are needed during installation, you can add or remove shims (thin, tapered pieces of wood or plastic) between the wall opening and the window jamb to slightly increase or decrease the depth.
- Adjust Trim and Casing: After installing the window and achieving the proper depth, adjust the interior trim and exterior casing for a seamless, finished look. Cut or add to the trim pieces to neatly cover any gaps between the window frame and the wall.
Accurate measurement of jamb depth is essential for achieving aesthetic consistency, structural integrity, and energy efficiency. It ensures that the window aligns with the surrounding wall, creating a clean and seamless appearance. Proper jamb depth also ensures that the window is securely mounted within the wall, maintaining stability and performance over time. Finally, correct jamb depth helps achieve proper sealing and insulation, reducing drafts and improving energy efficiency.
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Windows with different styles
When measuring for plastic windows, it is important to get accurate measurements to ensure a proper fit. The basic anatomy of a window remains the same, but window styles vary. The stool, apron, inside casing, and trim are all dressing for the window and are not considered part of the actual window.
To measure the width of a window, you should measure from the inside jamb on the left and right sides in three places: the bottom, middle, and top. Do not include any trim in this measurement. For the height, make three measurements: one at the left, center, and right side of the window. Use the smallest of these three height measurements to order the window.
Now, let's look at some of the different styles of windows and how they can be measured:
- Casement windows: These windows are hinged on the side and open outwards, often with a handle. They are energy-efficient and allow plenty of sunlight and breeze into the room. To measure for replacement, you will need to measure the width and height of the window, extending your tape measure horizontally and vertically from trim to trim.
- Double-hung windows: These windows have two movable sashes that open from the top or bottom, allowing for two options for ventilation and airflow. They are easy to clean and can come in a variety of materials. When measuring, you will need to measure the width and height of each window panel at the center, extending your tape measure horizontally and vertically from jamb to jamb or trim to trim.
- Single-hung windows: Similar to double-hung, but with only one movable sash, usually on the bottom.
- Awning windows: These windows open from the top and outwards, creating an awning-like shape. They are great for rainy climates as they can be open during storms, protecting you from the elements. Measure the width at the center and the height vertically from trim to trim.
- Bay and Bow windows: These windows extend outward beyond the wall, creating an arched effect. Bow windows are larger and have more panes than bay windows. They allow for more light and space inside the room. When measuring, you will need to measure the width and height of each window panel, as well as the width of the center window, as it may be different.
- Picture windows: These windows are fixed and do not open, but they offer unobstructed views and excellent weather resistance. They often need to be customized, making them difficult to replace.
- Wood windows: Wood windows offer natural beauty and durability but require proper maintenance.
- Aluminum windows: Aluminum windows are sleek and modern but do not insulate well, impacting their energy efficiency.
- Fiberglass windows: Fiberglass windows are low-maintenance and eco-friendly, and they can be designed to complement any style.
- Composite windows: Composite windows blend multiple materials, such as vinyl, wood, and metal, combining the best characteristics of each.
Remember, it is important to measure each window individually, as standard window sizes vary, and replacements are typically square with 90-degree corners.
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Getting professional help
If you're looking to install plastic film over your windows, you may want to consider getting professional help. While it is a simple DIY task, getting a professional to install plastic film over your windows can save you time and effort.
Professionals, such as handymen, have experience working with all types of home insulation and can help with additional work, like adding weatherstripping to doors and windows. Websites like Angi's List can connect you with a highly-rated handyman in your area. Angie's List has trusted ratings and reviews from other homeowners, so you can be sure to find a good fit.
Another option is to go with a company that specializes in windows, such as Pella. Pella offers free consultations to discuss windows and doors for your home. They will confirm measurements and conduct an installation inspection before starting to build your products.
Before reaching out to professionals, it is a good idea to first measure your windows and record the replacement window measurements. This way, you will be prepared to meet with a professional and can get cost estimates.
If you are looking to save money on your project, your local utility company may offer rebates for a professional home energy assessment and certain air sealing and insulation projects. Be sure to contact your utility company before beginning your project to see what incentives are available in your area.
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Frequently asked questions
The basic components of a window are the sash, head, sill, and jambs. The sash is the movable or fixed part of the window that holds the glass. The head is the top part of the frame that touches the top of the sash. The sill is the bottom part of the frame that touches the bottom of the sash. The jambs are the vertical pieces on either side of the frame that touch the sides of the sash.
To measure the width of your window, you need to measure from the inside jamb on the left side and right side of the window in three places: the bottom, middle, and top. Do not include any trim in this measurement. Make sure to record the shortest measurement as the window opening width.
To measure the height of your window, start by measuring from the high point of the sill of your window (the surface closest to the inside of the window) to the top of the window opening. Make three measurements: one at the left, one at the centre, and one at the right side of the window. Use the smallest of these three height measurements to order the window.
It is important to remember that window styles vary, but the basic anatomy remains the same. The stool, apron, inside casing, and trim are all dressing for the window and are not considered part of the actual window. When ordering a replacement window, provide only the opening size, and the manufacturer will make the necessary deductions.
