Alexei Volkov
Painting plastic scale models is a highly rewarding and fun process that can elevate your models to the next level. There are several methods to paint plastic models, including airbrushing, brush painting, and spray painting. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the right choice depends on the specific model and your personal preference. Before painting, it is important to prepare your workspace, clean the model, and gather the necessary materials. In terms of paint, acrylic modelling paint is the standard choice for most model enthusiasts due to its ease of use and ability to be thinned with water. Additionally, primers can be used to help the paint adhere better to the model, especially if it is made of multiple materials.
Characteristics and Values Table for Painting Plastic Scale Models
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Paint Types | Water-based and solvent-based paints |
| Paint Options | Acrylic, enamel, lacquer |
| Paint Tools | Airbrush gun, brush, spray can |
| Primer | Recommended for better paint adhesion; use white primer for light colours and grey for dark colours |
| Work Environment | Outdoors or in a well-ventilated area with a stable surface, bright light, and protective pad |
| Paint Preparation | Mix thoroughly before pouring onto a palette; thin acrylic paints with water and enamel paints with enamel thinner |
| Brushes | Synthetic brushes are better than natural or plastic brushes to avoid fraying |
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What You'll Learn
Choosing the right paint
Type of Paint
The two main types of paint for plastic models are water-based and solvent-based. Water-based paints, such as acrylics, are easy to work with and can be thinned by mixing them with water. They are the standard choice for most model enthusiasts due to their user-friendliness. Solvent-based paints, on the other hand, can be more complex to work with and may require the use of enamel thinner or other solvents.
Adhesion
It is crucial to select a paint that will adhere well to the plastic surface. A primer can be used to improve adhesion and create a uniform base for the paint to stick to. Primers come in different colours, such as white for light colours and grey for dark colours. If you plan to use a primer, look for a high-quality product specifically designed for use on plastics.
Brushes vs. Spray Paint
Another consideration is whether to use brushes or spray paint for application. Brushes offer more control and precision, especially for smaller models or intricate details. Synthetic sable or fox hair brushes in various sizes are excellent choices as they hold their shape well and are less likely to fray or split. Spray paint, on the other hand, is suitable for larger surfaces and can provide an even coat quickly. If you opt for spray paint, ensure you have adequate ventilation and follow safety precautions, such as wearing a respirator.
Drying Time
Consider the drying time of the paint you choose. Lacquer paints, for example, have relatively quick drying times, allowing you to work continuously without long waits between layers. Acrylic paints, while easy to work with, may require more time to dry, especially when building up multiple layers.
Durability
The durability of the paint is another important factor, especially if your model will be handled regularly. Consider using a clear coat or varnish to protect the paint job and add a layer of durability. Acrylic lacquer paints, for instance, chemically etch themselves into the plastic surface, resulting in a highly durable finish.
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Preparing your workspace
Firstly, decide on a suitable location for your workspace. This could be outdoors in a spacious area like a terrace or garden, or in a well-ventilated workshop or hobby room. A stable, flat surface is ideal for setting up your workspace. Cover the floor with a pad or a drop cloth to catch any paint splatters and protect the surface.
Next, gather all the materials and accessories you will need for painting. This includes your paint, brushes, and any additional tools. It is recommended to use a paint rack with storage to keep your paints organised and easily accessible. You can also use crocodile clips to hold small painted parts as they dry. Ensure you have enough bright light in your workspace. Daylight is ideal, but you can also use a bright lamp to illuminate all parts of your model clearly.
Before you begin painting, prepare your model by removing any dirt or dust with a soft cloth. If your model has intricate details, consider using tape to cover areas you want to protect from paint. This will help you achieve clean and precise paint applications.
Primer is an important consideration when painting plastic models. While it is not always necessary, primer can help the paint adhere better to certain types of plastic and create a uniform colour. If you decide to use a primer, choose a white primer for light colours and a grey primer for dark colours. Spray primers are quick and easy to apply, but be sure to follow the instructions on the product and allow adequate time for drying.
Lastly, prepare your paint by mixing it thoroughly before pouring it onto a palette. Enamel and acrylic modelling paints tend to separate over time, so be sure to mix it well before use. Now your workspace is ready, and you can begin painting your plastic scale model!
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Priming your model
Before priming, it is essential to clean the plastic surface thoroughly. Use a cloth or air compressor to wipe down the model with isopropyl alcohol (IPA) or a similar substance to remove any oils from fingerprints, as well as mould release agents. Ensure that you get into all the corners and crevices of the model, and there are no pockets of liquid left after cleaning.
When choosing a primer, opt for a product specifically designed for use on plastic, such as PLASTICOAT automotive primer, which can be purchased from an auto supply store. A good rattle-can primer for polystyrene kits is the lacquer-based Tamiya Surface Primer, which offers excellent adhesion. If you are using enamel paints, an enamel primer is a safe choice, as some lacquers may not adhere well to bare plastic. Rustoleum Painters Touch is another good option, as it is formulated for plastics and can be cleaned easily after use.
When applying the primer, hold the can about 10-12 inches (25-30 cm) away from the model and use quick, even strokes to ensure complete coverage. Apply several light coats rather than one heavy coat to avoid obscuring any details on the model. If you are priming a model made of multiple materials, such as plastic, wood, or metal, use a white primer to achieve a uniform colour across the different surfaces.
After priming, you may need to do some light sanding to smooth out any imperfections in the finish. Use a fine-grit sandpaper, such as 2000-grit, to gently sand the primed surface until it is smooth and ready for painting. Remember to remove any sanding residue before moving on to the painting step.
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Painting techniques
When using an airbrush gun, thin the paint with an enamel thinner or water until it reaches a soupy consistency. Pour 10-15 drops into the cup of the gun and hold the nozzle 4-8 inches (10-20 cm) away from the model's surface. Pull the trigger to release the paint, using a respirator for safety. Airbrushes are ideal for smaller areas of the model and allow for more control compared to spray cans.
Brush painting is a good option for beginners as it offers more precision and control than spraying. Opt for synthetic brushes in various sizes to avoid fraying and ensure smooth, even strokes. Smaller brushes are best for intricate details, while larger brushes can be used for base coats. Mix the paint with water to thin it out and use a palette to mix different colours.
Spray painting is a quick and efficient way to cover larger surfaces of the model. Hold the can 10-12 inches (25-30 cm) away from the model and use quick, even strokes to apply the paint. Use spray primer to help the paint adhere better and create a uniform colour, especially if the model is made of multiple materials.
Regardless of the chosen method, good preparation is essential. Work in a well-lit, ventilated area and prepare your workspace by covering the surface with old newspapers or a pad to catch any paint drips. Remove any dirt or dust from the model with a soft cloth before painting.
When using paint, always mix it thoroughly before applying it to the model, as some paints tend to separate over time. Acrylic modelling paint is a popular choice as it is easy to work with and can be thinned with water. Enamel paint, on the other hand, requires an enamel thinner. Layer colours and work from the largest coats down to the smallest details, taking your time to ensure a beautiful finish.
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Finishing touches
Once you have painted your plastic scale model, there are several finishing touches you can add to make it stand out. Here are some ideas to consider:
Decals and Detailing
Add decals, such as badges, insignias, or signs, to your model to give it a unique and professional look. Decals can be easily transferred or printed onto the model's surface. Use tweezers or a soft brush to apply the decals, as using your fingers can smudge them. You can also add small parts like antennas, weapons, or accessories for a more realistic touch.
Clear Coat
Apply a clear coat to protect your paint job and add a glossy finish. This will also prepare the model for any additional weathering or finishing effects you may want to add. An even and thin layer is best, as it does not obscure the details and only enhances them. Let the clear coat dry completely before moving on to the next step.
Weathering Effects
Weathering effects can add realism to your model, making it look worn and used. These effects can include signs of dirt, rust, or other environmental factors. Washes, for example, are a great way to achieve a 3D effect on panel lines, rivets, and other surface protrusions.
Diorama or Realistic Setting
To truly bring your model to life, consider attaching it to a diorama base or creating a realistic setting for it to be displayed in. This can include adding elements like dirt or other details to make your model look like it's in its natural environment.
Varnish
Apply a coat of varnish to your model to protect the paint and give it a smooth, glossy finish. This will also help your model look more realistic and ready for display.
Remember, the finishing touches are a great way to add your own creative flair to your plastic scale model. Take your time, experiment with different techniques, and most importantly, have fun!
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Frequently asked questions
Acrylic modelling paint is the standard paint of choice for most model enthusiasts. It is easy to work with and can be easily thinned by mixing it with water. Lacquer paints are also a good option as they can be layered over with clear coats and varnish.
You will need a paint rack with storage to safely store all paints and painted parts to dry. Crocodile clips can be used to hold small painted parts. Synthetic brushes are recommended to avoid fraying, and a mixing stick or spare brush to mix the paint. If you are using an airbrush, you will need an airbrush kit and an enamel thinner or water.
Before painting, remove dirt and dust from the model with a soft cloth. Tape all glued areas of the model before priming and painting so that they can be joined together afterward. If you are using primer, use a white primer for light colours and a grey primer for dark colours.
