Alexei Volkov
Black plastic water mains pipes are made of polyethylene, also known as alkathene, and come in two nominal inside pipe diameters: 3/4 and 1. The outside diameter of the pipe is usually a little over 21mm, which would make it a half-inch LDPE pipe. The pipe usually comes in two classes, C and D, with the difference being the thickness of the wall. Class C is the more popular option as it is thinner.
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What You'll Learn
Black plastic water mains pipe sizing
Black plastic water mains pipes are usually made from polyethylene (PE) or alkathene. They are available in a variety of sizes, but the most common sizes are 21mm and 22mm in diameter. These pipes are often referred to as MDPE (Medium-Density Polyethylene) pipes and are used for a variety of applications, including water supply lines.
When sizing a black plastic water mains pipe, it is important to consider the flow rate and pressure requirements of the system. The pipe should be sized to accommodate the maximum flow rate and pressure that the system will experience. It is generally recommended to use a pipe that is rated for at least 125% of the pressure of the pump or water service. This will ensure that the pipe has sufficient durability, strength, and burst resistance.
Black plastic water mains pipes typically come in two classes: Class C and Class D. The main difference between these classes is the thickness of the pipe wall, with Class C being the thinner option. The class of the pipe should be marked on the pipe itself, along with the size and "BS 1972". It is important to pay attention to these markings, as the name of the pipe may not always match its actual dimensions.
When installing a black plastic water mains pipe, it is important to use the correct fittings and inserts. The type of fitting required will depend on the size and class of the pipe. For example, a 22mm compression fitting with a copper olive and PTFE tape is commonly used for a 22mm pipe. It may also be necessary to use conversion olives to ensure a secure connection between the pipe and the fitting. It is always best to consult a professional plumber or refer to the relevant standards for more specific guidance on sizing and installation.
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MDPE fittings
MDPE (Medium Density Polyethylene) fittings are used for a variety of applications, from domestic water supply to agricultural setups and irrigation systems. They are suitable for both above and below-ground use and can be used for potable drinking water applications with black and blue MDPE pipes.
MDPE compression fittings are designed for ease of use and straightforward installation. They only require a strap wrench to tighten the fitting nuts and ensure a secure, leak-free connection. MDPE fittings typically have a pressure rating of 16 bar and conform to ISO 17885:2021 standards, offering durability and safety with a safety factor of 3.
When working with MDPE fittings, it is important to consider the temperature conditions as they can affect the pipe flexibility and fitting expansion or contraction. Regular checks on the integrity of the fittings should be conducted as part of routine maintenance to ensure a reliable and durable connection.
To remove MDPE compression fittings, first relieve any pressure in the pipe by turning off the water supply and releasing water and pressure through a tap or valve. Then, clear any soil, debris, or insulation from around the fitting to access it properly. Use a spanner or strap wrench to loosen the compression nut, typically by turning it counter-clockwise. Once loose, slide the nut, grip ring, and O-ring along the pipe and inspect them for damage. If damaged or worn out, the fitting should be replaced. Finally, gently pull the pipe out of the fitting body.
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Class C and Class D pipes
Black plastic water mains pipes are made from a type of plastic called alkathene. They are also known as MDPE (Medium-Density Polyethylene) pipes. These pipes come in two classes: Class C and Class D. The difference between the two classes is the thickness of the pipe wall; Class C is the more popular option as it is thinner.
You can identify whether you have a Class C or Class D pipe by measuring the outside diameter. If it measures a little over 21mm, then it is a half-inch LDPE pipe. You can also identify the class of the pipe by looking at the pipe itself, as the size and class are usually marked on it. It is also usually marked "BS 1972".
If you are looking to replace a stopcock for a black plastic water mains pipe, you will need to purchase a 3/4" Kuterlite or Philmac with an MDPE class C or D insert. An ordinary 22mm with a 3/4" olive will fit, but it is recommended to take the old one with you to match the threads. It is also possible to buy conversion olives to use 22mm compression fittings with a 3/4" pipe.
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Pipe diameter
The pipe diameter of a black plastic water main pipe is an important consideration when installing or repairing a water system. The diameter of the pipe will determine the flow rate and capacity of the water supply. It is important to note that the standard sizes of pipes may vary depending on the region and the manufacturer.
Black plastic water pipes are typically made of polyethylene or polyalkylene, commonly known as MDPE (Medium-Density Polyethylene) or alkathene. These pipes are often used for water supply lines due to their durability and corrosion resistance. They are also flexible, making them easier to work with than rigid pipes.
The diameter of black plastic water pipes is usually measured in inches or millimetres. The most common sizes for black plastic water main pipes are 22mm (millimetres) and 3/4" (inches). The 22mm size is often mentioned in online forums, indicating its prevalence in plumbing systems. This size is typically paired with a 22mm stopcock or a 3/4" Kuterlite or Philmac stopcock for MDPE pipes.
It is worth noting that the old imperial-sized black alkathene plastic water mains pipes are no longer commonly stocked by plumbing suppliers. These pipes were available in two classes: Class C and Class D, with the main difference being the thickness of the pipe wall. Class C was the more popular option due to its thinner wall. However, the exact dimensions of these pipes may not be accurately represented by their names, so it is advisable to carefully measure the pipe and check for markings indicating the size and class.
When determining the appropriate pipe diameter for a water main, it is crucial to consider the flow rate requirements and the pressure of the water supply. Pipes with larger diameters will provide higher flow rates, which are essential for supplying water to multiple fixtures or outlets simultaneously. Additionally, the pipe diameter should be sized appropriately for the expected water pressure to ensure optimal performance and prevent leaks or bursts.
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Pipe length
The length of a pipe is an important consideration when installing or repairing a water main. While the standard length of pipes varies by manufacturer, most pipes are available in lengths of 20 feet, although some may be available in lengths of up to 50 or even 100 feet.
When determining the required length of pipe for a water main, several factors must be considered, including the distance between the water source and the end-use points, as well as any bends or turns that may be necessary. It is important to measure the distance between the water source and the end-use points accurately, as well as to take into account any obstacles that may need to be navigated, such as trees, buildings, or other structures.
In some cases, it may be necessary to join multiple pipes together to achieve the required length. This can be done using couplings, fittings, or other connection methods. It is important to ensure that the connections between pipes are secure and watertight to prevent leaks or other issues.
When joining pipes together, it is also important to consider the type of pipe and the size of the fittings. As mentioned earlier, black plastic water mains typically come in two sizes: Class C and Class D, with the main difference being the thickness of the pipe wall. It is important to use fittings that are compatible with the size and type of pipe being used to ensure a secure and watertight connection.
In addition to the length of the pipe, it is also important to consider the diameter of the pipe when installing or repairing a water main. The diameter of the pipe will depend on the expected volume of water flow and the pressure in the system. It is important to ensure that the pipe is large enough to accommodate the desired flow rate and pressure to ensure optimal performance and efficiency.
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Frequently asked questions
Black plastic water mains typically come in two sizes: 15mm and 22mm.
The outer diameter of a 15mm black plastic water main is approximately 21mm.
The outer diameter of a 22mm black plastic water main is approximately 26mm.
The inner diameter of a 22mm black plastic water main is approximately 19mm.
Black plastic water mains come in two thicknesses: Class C and Class D. Class C is the more popular option as it is thinner.
