Alexei Volkov
Plastic piping is a popular alternative to copper pipes in home plumbing systems. PEX (cross-linked polyethylene) is a type of flexible plastic tubing that is durable, strong, flexible, corrosion-resistant, and easy to install. It is also more affordable than copper. However, there are some important considerations to make before replacing copper pipes with PEX, such as local codes and grounding issues. It is always a good idea to consult a professional to ensure your system is properly grounded. If you decide to replace copper pipes with PEX, the process involves disconnecting and bypassing all existing copper pipes and running new PEX lines. You will need to shut off the main water source, identify the area to be replaced, cut the copper pipe, and remove it. Then, you can install the new PEX piping, ensuring proper bonding and grounding.
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What You'll Learn
Identify the type of plastic pipe
Plastic pipes are now more popular than metal pipes for plumbing due to their corrosion resistance. There are several types of plastic pipes, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.
One of the most well-known types of plastic pipes is PVC (polyvinyl chloride). PVC is affordable, durable, flexible, and soundproof. It is also safe for transporting drinking water. PVC pipes are commonly used for main water lines, but not hot water applications as they warp at temperatures higher than 140°F. There are several types of PVC pipes, including PVC-U (unplasticised PVC), C-PVC (chlorinated PVC), PVC-O (molecular oriented PVC), and modified PVC.
CPVC (chlorinated polyvinyl chloride) is another type of PVC that has been treated with chlorine, making it more resistant to high temperatures and pressures. It is commonly used in industrial plumbing and residential hot water lines.
ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) pipes are similar to PVC but with some key differences. ABS pipes are softer, more durable, and extremely strong. They are mainly used for vent and drain lines, as well as other outdoor underground uses where cold temperatures are common. ABS pipes contain BPA, a chemical that has raised concerns over its safety for people and animals.
PEX (cross-linked polyethylene) pipes are one of the newest types of plastic plumbing pipes. They are much more flexible than PVC and other plastics, making them quick and easy to install. PEX pipes are also naturally heat-resistant and less likely to burst during the winter.
Other types of plastic pipes include HDPE (high-density polyethylene), LLDPE (linear low-density polyethylene), and clear polyurethane piping. HDPE is tough and durable and can be used for virtually all plumbing needs. LLDPE is a common indoor piping material as it can withstand both cold and hot water. Clear polyurethane piping is perfect for outdoors as it is flexible and resistant to tearing, abrasion, radiation, oils, weather damage, and UV rays.
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Prepare the pipe ends
Before preparing the pipe ends, identify the broken area by locating the leak or crack on your copper pipe. Then, cut out the damaged section using a pipe cutter or hacksaw, ensuring straight cuts.
Once the damaged section has been removed, it's time to prepare the pipe ends for the new plastic piping. Start by cleaning the cut ends of the pipe with sandpaper or an emery cloth. Continue sanding until the ends are smooth and shiny. This crucial step ensures a solid soldered connection between the new and old pipes.
After sanding, apply a thin layer of flux to the cleaned pipe ends. The flux will facilitate the solder flow and enhance the bond between the pipes. At this stage, you may also need to apply primer to the outside of the pipe end and the inside of the fitting, depending on the type of plastic pipe you're using.
Now, you're ready to attach the replacement pipe. Slide copper slip couplings onto the ends, and then fit the new plastic pipe section into place. Ensure the pipe is securely connected, and you're ready to turn the water back on and test for any leaks.
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Cut the copper pipe
Before cutting the copper pipe, it is important to shut off the main water source to your home. If you know which sink or appliance the pipes run to, turn them on to let the excess water drain out. Measure the length of the pipe you'll be replacing and mark the cut points with a small bucket underneath to catch any water. Ensure you cut off all the corroded spots.
When cutting the copper pipe, use a copper tube cutter to sever off one end. You can use a pipe cutter or a hacksaw to make straight cuts on the pipe. If you are replacing more than five feet of copper pipe, you may need to drill a few pieces of wood to keep your new flexible tubes from sagging after filling with water. Ensure you cut both ends of the copper pipe before removing it from the area entirely.
After cutting the copper pipe, you will need to prepare the pipe ends by cleaning them with sandpaper or an emery cloth until they are shiny. This ensures a soldered solid bond when attaching the replacement pipe. It is important to note that you should not use a copper cutter to cut PEX pipes; instead, use PEX tube cutters or ensure that the copper cutter fits the size of the pipe exactly.
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Install the new plastic pipe
PEX pipes, or cross-linked polyethylene, are flexible, durable, strong, corrosion-resistant, and more freeze-resistant than other types of rigid plumbing pipes. They are a newer, popular alternative for copper pipes and home plumbing systems.
Before installing a new plastic pipe, you must shut off the main water source to your home. If you know which sink or appliance the pipes run to, turn them on to let the excess water drain out of your pipes. Measure out the length of the pipe you'll be replacing, and use a small bucket to catch any water before you start cutting.
To cut your PEX piping, you will need PEX tube cutters. A copper cutter could work if the cutter fits the size of the pipe exactly. Cut the copper pipe on both ends, then remove it from the area entirely. If you're replacing more than five feet of copper with PEX, drill a few pieces of wood (one every three feet or so) to keep your new flexible tubes from sagging after they fill with water.
For PVC and CPVC, use sandpaper to smooth any rough edges. Apply primer to both the outside of the pipe end and the inside of the fitting. Then, apply solvent cement to both primed areas and immediately push the fitting onto the pipe end. Hold for a few seconds to ensure a bond.
For PEX, slide a crimp ring onto the pipe end. Insert the replacement pipe section using the appropriate fittings, then slide the crimp ring into place. Using a crimping tool, secure the crimp ring. Turn the water back on and check for leaks.
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Check for leaks
Before you begin any pipe replacement, it is important to shut off the main water source to your home. If you know which sink or appliance the pipes run to, turn them on to let the excess water drain out.
Once you have replaced the pipes, you can turn the water back on and check for leaks. If you have replaced the copper pipes with PEX, slide a crimp ring onto the pipe end, insert the replacement pipe section, and then slide the crimp ring into place. Use a crimping tool to secure the crimp ring.
If you have used PVC or CPVC, apply primer to the outside of the pipe end and the inside of the fitting. Then, apply solvent cement to both primed areas and push the fitting onto the pipe end. Hold for a few seconds to ensure a bond.
If you are unsure about the plumbing work or encounter significant leaks, it is best to consult a professional plumber for assistance. They can help identify and resolve any issues, ensuring your pipes are properly installed and leak-free.
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Frequently asked questions
Plastic pipes are more flexible, easier to install, and more affordable than copper pipes. They are also more durable and reliable in the long term.
PEX (cross-linked polyethylene) is a popular choice for replacing copper pipes. It is flexible, durable, strong, corrosion-resistant, and freeze-resistant. PVC is another option, but it may not be suitable for outdoor use.
First, shut off the main water source to your home. Then, measure the length of the pipe you need to replace and mark the cut points. Use a pipe cutter to cut off one end of the copper pipe, catching any water in a bucket. Remove the copper pipe and clean the ends of the remaining pipe with sandpaper. Cut the PEX pipe to the correct length and use PEX tube cutters to join the new pipe to the existing system.
PEX is a newer material, and some homeowners may have concerns about its safety. It is also not suitable for outdoor use as UV light can break it down over time. In addition, replacing metal pipes with PEX may interrupt the home's grounding system and bonding to the plumbing system, so it is important to consult a professional to ensure proper grounding.
